Electrical earthing/grounding equipment

A program to ensure that a well-designed and effective electrical earth-grounding system and equipment bonding system is in place is an essential first step in... 

One of the main hazards of air-entrainment sublimation is the risk of fire many substances that are considered to be quite safe in their normal state can produce explosive mixtures with air. All electrical equipment should be flameproof, and all parts of the plant should be earthed (grounded) efficiently to avoid the build-up of static electricity. Vacuum operation after nitrogen purging can provide a much safer processing enviromnent. 

Class I equipment utilizes earth ground and are typically mains operated (i.e., 115/230/400 Vac, 3-5 wires) electrical products such as desktop computers, test and measurement devices, machines, or stationary appliances. 

Ground. A conducting connection, whether intentional or accidental, between an electrical circuit or equipment and the earth, or to some conducting body that serves in place of the earth. 

Grounding is another method of protecting employees from electric shock however, it is normally a secondary protective measure. The term ground refers to a conductive body, usually the earth, and means a conductive connection, whether intentional or accidental, by which an electric circuit or equipment is connected to earth or the ground plane. 

Grounding Grounding is a conducting connection between a piece of equipment or electrical circuit and the earth. 

From a basic physics standpoint, a circuit is a complete loop. Electric current can flow only if it returns to its source, i.e., completes the circuit. The path tlirough which tlie current returns to its source is called the "retum or ground. The reason for the tenn "ground is tliat the ctirlh is literally used to provide the return patli no matter what distance separates tlie equipment from the power source. Ground comiections can be made to a cold water system as its components provide a reliable, low-resistance patli for contact witli tlie earth. 

Electrical supply systems and equipment are grounded in order to maintain the voltage at any part of the system at a known potential relative to true earth and to provide a path for current flow under earth fault conditions so that protective devices operate correctly. The connection to earth should be such that the flow of fault current to earth does not cause voltages or voltage gradients to be of sufficient magnitude or duration likely to cause danger. 

Portable electrical hand tools and equipment shall be properly grounded and wound to operate on llOV a.c. center tapped to earth supply, and shall only be connected to the system by permanent joints or proper connections. 

IV. Stray Electric Current. This includes current flowing from a source such as a battery, a generator or a transformer, thru power lines to electrical equipment, which returns to that source over whatever paths are available to it. These paths include additional conductors insulated from ground (such as electric cables), conductors not insulated from ground for electric haulage (such as rails) and the earth itself. If the supply or return conductor betw the source and the load should be interrupted, as by the... 

Heavy electrical equipment can cause interference through the creation of multiple earths where there are leakages to earth at different points of the measuring device circuit. These earth points will be at different potentials due to the existence of the ground current which produces common and series mode interference voltages in the measurement circuit. 

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