Electrical conductivity PANI nanoparticles

The water-soluble stabilizers at the outer surfaces of PANI nanoparticles typically include PSSA and PVA. For both cases, the resulting particles show a low diameter distribution of with a uniform spherical shape. The diameters are appropriately 40 nm with the PSSA and are varied from 100 to 150 nm for the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). The electrical conductivities of the PANI nanoparticles with the use of the PSSA exceed those prepared from the PVA (Cho et al., 2004). Some modified polymerizations have been further developed to enhance the properties of PANI nanoparticles. For instance, polymerization was carried out in a thermo-stated bath with the assistance of dodecyl benzne sulfonic acid (DBSA) to produce electrical conductivities of 15 3 S cm at room temperature (Cho et al., 2004). These PANI nanoparticles were found to be particularly useful for electronic textiles (Moulton et al., 2004). 

The composite of PbTe and polymer is generally formed by in situ fabrication [20,22]. Wang et al. fabricated PbTe-PANI composite with PbTe/PANi/ PbTe three-layer sphere-like nanostructures [22]. Although the electrical conductivity of the PbTe/PANI/PbTe composite is lower than that of the PbTe nanoparticle, the Seebeck coefficient reached 578-626 pV/K, which is much higher than those of both the PbTe nanoparticle and PANI, resulting in a high power factor of 63.5-86.2 pW/mK (Table 6.5). These results... 

Also the addition of metal particles, like zinc, to CPs can lead to a beneficial effect on corrosion protection from CP coatings. Olad [53-54] found out that incorporation of zinc nanoparticles and zinc micro-size particles produces effective PANI/Zn nanocomposite and PANI/Zn composite coatings on iron, respectively. The electrical conductivity of both nanocomposite and composite systems is correlated with the zinc content, and it is higher when Zn particles are nanosized. A similar behaviour has been found in the anticorrosive properties of PANI/Zn coatings because the synergetic effect of zinc nanoparticles is more than that of micro-sized particles. 

Pourabas and Peyghambardoost [53] showed that copper filled epoxy resin composite had electrical conductivity properties. Afzal and co-workers [104] studied the electrical properties of PANI/silver nanocomposites. The silver nanoparticles in PANI reduced the charge trapping centres and increased the conducting channels of the polymer. 

The synthesis of PANI-Ti02 nanohybrids was performed by in sim polymerization of aniline in the presence of Ti02 nanoparticles. The as-synthesized nanocomposite films showed appreciable electrical conductivity (1-10 S/cm), which further increased upon thermal treatment at 80°C [279]. Thus, the electrical conductivity of PANI (6.28 x 10 S/m) can be enhanced through the addition of Ti02, which leads to the formation of a more efficient network for charge transport within the PANI-based matrix [280]. 

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