Electric mobility, apparent

However, in cementitious material, research related to the diffusion coefficient, the permeation coefficient, and quantification of the electric mobility has just made a start, and models corresponding to various materials and environmental conditions have not yet been constructed as of this stage. In the past, apparent diffusion coefficients were used including aggregates as shown on the left side of Fig. 4, but in practice, substances such as pore solution and ions did not move within the aggregates or the hydrates themselves, but they can move in capillary porosity and transition zones. Thus, an effective diffusion coefficient D, calculation equation is proposed as... 

The migration in CE is obviously influenced by both the effective and the electroosmotic mobility. Therefore, the proportionality factor in the relationship of the migration velocity and the electric field strength in such a case is called the apparent electrophoretic mobility (/iapp) and the migration velocity the apparent migration velocity (vapp). The /iapp is equal to the sum of /migration velocity is expressed as... 

For single-stage precipitators, %, and %p may be considered as essentially equal. It is apparent from Eq. (17-31) that the mobility in an electric field will be almost the same for all particles smaller than... 

For comparison of impurity levels quoted as % area/area, the normalized PA [area divided by the respective MTs, often stated as corrected PA (Ac)] must be used in CE to compensate for the residence time difference of the species in the detector. In HPLC, the separation takes place on the column. After the column, all analytes travel through the detector at the same speed (that of the mobile phase) and hence have the same residence time in the detector cell. However, in CE, the electrical field also takes effect in the detection cell. Therefore, the residence time of the species that have a higher apparent mobility (as shorter Jm) will give a lower response than species with a lower mobility, for species with the same absorptivity and concentration. ... 

Upon illumination, semiconductor particles become charged, allowing even for electrophoretic mobility under an applied electrical field When appropriately prepared, colloidal TiO2 can apparently accumulate charge to effect directly multiple quanta redox reactions The efficiency of such charge accumulation is surely related to doping level for the doping level can alter band positions and may improve the efficiency of photoinduced electron transfer. For example, the dispersal of FcjOa... 

The apparent mobility, xapp, of a particular species is the net speed, nnet, of the species divided by the electric field, E ... 

Electrophoretic mobility describes the response of the ion to the electric field. We subtract the electroosmotic mobility from the apparent mobility to find electrophoretic mobility ... 

Soft biological structures exhibit finite strains and nonlinear anisotropic material response. The hydrated tissue can be viewed as a fluid-saturated porous medium or a continuum mixture of incompressible solid (s), mobile incompressible fluid (f), and three (or an arbitrary number) mobile charged species a, (3 = p,m, b). A mixed Electro-Mechano-Chemical-Porous-Media-Transport or EMCPMT theory (previously denoted as the LMPHETS theory) is presented with (a) primary fields (continuous at material interfaces) displacements, Ui and generalized potentials, ifi ( , r/ = /, e, to, b) and (b) secondary fields (discontinuous) pore fluid pressure, pf electrical potential, /7e and species concentration (molarity), ca = dna/dVf or apparent concentration, ca = nca and c = Jnca = dna/dVo. The porosity, n = 1 — J-1(l — no) and no = no(Xi) = dVj/dVo for a fluid-saturated solid. Fixed charge density (FCD) in the solid is defined as cF = dnF/dV , cF = ncF, and cF = cF (Xf = JncF = dnF/d o. 

The migration velocity of a species is the product of its electrophoretic mobility and the electric field. In the presence of electroosmotic flow, the velocity is the product of the apparent mobility and the electric field. 

This apparent mobility can be easily calculated with the capillary length to the detector (Ld), the migration time of the analyte (tm), and the electric field strength (E). 

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