Electric lamps choice

People differ in their preferences and m the value they put on their time. For consumer choices in particular, the entire list of qualities of services provided by different energy sources can be important. For example, both kerosene lamps and electric lights can be used to illuminate a home. Most households shifted quickly to electricity once it became available, and few would shift to kerosene today even if kerosene for lamp fuel were free. The lighting provided differs in more ways than cost. 

The use to which the machine will be put has a bearing on its choice. If it is used for sheets, films, or surface treatment, where only modest penetration, is called for, a low voltage machine, such as the ICT, is suitable. If greater penetration is necessary, a higher voltage machine is needed, and the choice is between the resonant transformer and the Dynamitron. For surface treatment, an ultraviolet light might be sufficient. This is created when an electric arc passes between electrodes separated by gas or vapor. There are two main classes of arcs open, such as the carbon arc, and closed as the various vapor lamps. 

Fortunately, the use of oil lamps is now neither common nor necessary. Although there are modem substitutes for oil lamps, such as Bunsen and Fisher burners, they are not the heating mechanism of choice because most heating is done by electric mantels and stirrer/hot plates. There are too many drawbacks associated with open-flame heat sources for them to be considered the heat source of choice. The problems associated with these burners include the following ... 

Prior to the development of transparent alumina ceramics the material of choice for the lamp-envelope market was silica-based glass. Explain why such materials are not suitable for use in the sodium vapor lamp but dominate the incandescent, fluorescent, and electric discharge lamp-envelope market. 

The above mentioned lamps operate at various electric powers, which may range from tens to thousands of watt, at least in the case of the arc lamps, and the radiant power of the lamp increases with increasing electric power. Therefore, the electric power is one of the factors to be considered for the choice of the lamp, in order to avoid too short or too long irradiation periods. In plain words, low-power lamps (<1,000 W) are commonly used for photochemical research studies, which are generally performed on small volumes of solution on the other hand, lamps operating at high powers are required for photochemical syntheses, where a large amount of product is desired. 

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