Efficiency coefficients

Mass Transfer As mentioned earlier, spray columns rarely develop more than 1 theoretical stage due to the axial mixing in the column. Nevertheless, it is necesary to determine what column height will give this theoretical stage. It is recommended by Cavers in Lo et al. Handbook of Solvent Extraction p. 323 and p. 327, John Wiley Sons, New York, 1983 that the following equation be used to estimate the overall efficiency coefficient ... 

The effect of various parameters on the efficiency coefficient is illustrated in Fig. 10.15a-d. It may be seen, that an increase of heat flux on the wall leads to a significant decrease in 17. It is due to the meniscus displacement towards the inlet and growth of heat losses into the cooling liquid. The calculations show (Fig. 10.15a-c) that for given values of parameters there is some optimal value of a micro-channel s diameter and length, at which the coefficient of efficiency reaches maximum. 

At given values of the parameters, there are optimal values of the micro-channel diameter and length, which correspond to a maximum efficiency coefficient. 

The partial efficiency coefficients are defined in detail as follow ... 

Precision efficiency coefficient (m is the number of signal or concentration levels distinguishable by the method and m the number of levels needed to solve the given problem)... 

Spatial efficiency coefficient (RA spatial resolving power see Eqs. (9.36a-c), a number of spots needed to be investigated)... 

Time resolution efficiency coefficient (R, time resolving power, see Eq. (9.33), it time resolution needed)... 

Time efficiency coefficient (treq time required for analysis, tana real analysis time)... 

A peripheral condition of the efficiency coefficients is that they must be less than 1, otherwise the analytical problem cannot be solved. Therefore, et is relevant for e, < 1 and = 0 is assigned for e, > 0. Consequently, the efficiency E according to Table 9.2 becomes 0 if at least one of the coefficients et does not fulfil the condition and, therefore the problem is insoluble (Danzer and Eckschlager [1978] Eckschlager and Danzer [1994]). 

Information efficiency E = l[ei i= 1 1 Efficiency test e-t partial efficiency coefficients... 

Therefore, for this particular system the efficiency coefficient E may be expressed as follows ... 

Efficiency coefficients of catalysts 12 and 13 mainly depend on the nature of the nucleophile, and are in the range 2.1-3.3 and 0.07-0.74 for I and Br, respectively (Table IV). This trend is in good agreement with that found for soluble catalysts ( ). 

The relationships among the various stage efficiencies, coefficients,... 

No. Salt taken per 1000 grms. of water. Solutions obtained In gram-equivalents per 1000 grms. of water. Efficiency coefficient. ... 

Photoelectrochemical cells with polythiophene film as an active electrode and a lead plate as a counter electrode in Pb (C104) acetonitrile electrolyte has an open circuit voltage of 0.8 V, short circuit current of 2 x 10 4 A cm-2, efficiency coefficient of 0.03%, fill factor of 15% [194]. The absorption and photosensitivity spectra of such a cell are shown in Fig. 24. The small bathochromic shift in the longwave region for photosensitivity may be related to the photogeneration of the charge carriers via surface states. The photosensitivity maximum is close to the maximum solar intensity. The parameters exceed the ones obtained with polyacetylene. 

The pristine and doped poly-phenylene sulfide may be used for light energy conversion to the electrical one. The efficiency coefficient is of the order 0.01-0.2% for various lightwaves, fill factor 0.07-0.20. The characteristics are better than ones for doped TNF PVC. 

Echelle grating, 279 Eddy diffusion, 18 EDTA, 269 EDXRF, 238 Effective plate, 13 Efficiency coefficient, 14 El, 307... 

A mathematical model of the pressure transmission - chemical potential experiment indicates that the two diffusivities / /, and Dc and the reflection coefficient 7Z can robustly be identified from the downstream pressure response. The analysis also confirms the experimental practice of identifying 1Z with the membrane efficiency coefficient deduced from the minimum of the downstream pressure ([7, 11]) whose justification is based on simplified considerations. 

Despite its slightly different scaling, our /x agrees with the fx in [Cu2]. Cushing calls fx the physiological efficiency coefficient of the population, since it reflects both the reproductive efficiency and the growth efficiency of the organism. 

Emanation power, emanation efficiency, coefficient of emanation, percent emanation, and escape-to-production ratio all mean the same thing, namely the fraction of Rn atoms formed in a solid that escape from the solid. 

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