Effect of ordering

Vasihev MA. 1997. Surface effects of ordering in binary alloys. J Phys D Appl Phys 30 3037-3070. 

The quadrupolar effects of order higher than two (7) are usually assumed to be negligible, especially at high magnetic fields. However, once the first- and second-order effects are removed, the measurement of third-order contributions becomes realistic. It can be easily shown that, similar to the first-order case, the CT and all symmetric MQ transitions (q = 0) are free of the third-order contribution, which thus can be safely ignored in DAS, DOR, and MQMAS experiments [161,162]. This is not the case for transitions between non-symmetric spin states, such as the STs. Indeed, numerical simulations of the third-order effect have explained the spectral features that have been observed in 27A1 STMAS spectra of andalusite mineral [161]. 

Notice that due to (47) the last term is effectively of order h. In case (ii) one chooses... 

In this section, we compare the effect of order of reaction n on cAlcAo = 1 - fA for various conditions of reaction, using the model reaction... 

The effect of ordering of layer cations and/or ordering of interlayer carbonate anions on the crystal chemistry of LDHs has been analyzed [277]. The authors reported the single crystal structure of a mineral with the... 

The partition (2) is quite arbitrary, since one could with equal validity absorb all one-body relativistic effects of order Zaf into the mean-field energy of the Dirac-Hartree-... 

Figure 7.13. Estimated fractional change in the ordering temperature resulting fiem incorporating the effect of ordering on the vibrational spectrum by an additional effective cluster interaction (ElCIvib) (Gaibulsky and Ceder 1996).

Quenching freezes polymer morphology temporarily to minimize the effect of ordering structure on physical properties, and annealing maximizes the ordering... 

A study of the far IR spectra of the liquid, glass and crystalline states of ZnCl2 has been reported960 with particular reference to the effects of order and temperature on band shape. 

Here we wish to examine the simple one-dimensional case and discuss the effect of order on diffraction. The one-dimensional equivalent of Equation (2.3) is... 

The mechanisms by which liquid crystals influence reaction rates need further study. Presumably, one important factor is the effect of ordering on entropy changes of various steps of the reaction. Bacon (44) has considered this factor in connection with the ability of thermotropic liquid crystals to increase the polymerization rate of phenylacetylene. 

Equations similar to eqns. (5), (6) and (8) were obtained by Zhdanov [104] to describe the monomolecular adsorption and associative desorption and Eley-Rideal s bimolecular reaction. He examined the dependence of the rate constants of these processes on the surface coverages and discussed various approximations applied previously to describe the effect of lateral interaction of adsorbed molecules on the desorption rate constant. He also considered the effect of the lateral interaction on the pre-exponential factor of the rate constants for various processes, and in terms of the "precursor state model, the effect of ordering the adsorbed molecules on the sticking coefficient and the rate constant of monomolecular desorption. 

Paris BL, Marcum AE, Clarin JR, et al. Effects of common organic solvents on CYP2E1 activity in human liver microsomes effects of order of addition and preincubation with NADPH. Drug Metab Rev 2003 35(suppl 2) 180. 

Davies, P.K., Tong, J. and Negas, T. (1997) Effect of ordering-induced domain boudaries on low-loss Ba (Zn1/3Ta2/3)03-BaZr03 perovskite microwave dielectrics. J. 

Table 1. Known theoretical contributions to the gj factor of an electron bound in the ground state of 12C5+. All values axe given in units of 10 9. The error estimates are discussed in the text. If no error is given, it is less than 0.5 x 10-10. The errors for the total value axe due to the (Za) expansion fox the xecoil contxibution, the numerical uncertainties for the QED effects of order (a/ir), and the estimated error for the bound-state QED contribution of order (a/7r)2. In order not to underestimate any systematic effect, the numerical errors were linearly added...

Table III. Effect of Order of Addition on Conversion to Block Polymers...

It must be remembered, however, that the Leibler-type mean field theory [197] is believed to be accurate for the limit of infinite chain length, N—for finite N effects of order parameter fluctuations are important and change the character of the transition from second order to first order even for symmetric composition [185,186,192,210,211]. With a self-consistent Hartree approximation that one believes to be valid for large N, Eq. (41) gets replaced by [234]... 

Finally, the effect of ordering processes must be considered in the interpretation of results from accelerated aging tests. The activation energies for the chain-scission reaction and for molecular ordering are likely to be quite different. Furthermore, enhancement of the ordering process through the reduction in DP caused by chain scission is likely to manifest itself as an autocatalytic effect wherein the rate of decay of... 

Effect of Ordering and Domain Size on Ceramic Processing... 

Under normal circumstances it would be expected that these water molecules would escape from the vicinity of the complex and as a result, there would be a significant entropy contribution to the stability of the complex. This partial charge on the hydrogen atom of the HO— group could have the effect of ordering those water molecules which were released from the hydration sphere of the metal ion and, consequently, result in a decrease in the entropy term. Such an effect is not possible with the pyridyl ligand, and it would be expected that there would be the normal entropy contribution to the stability constant. 

Bartfield JM, Pauze D, Raccio-Robak N. The effect of order on pain of local anesthetic infiltration. Acad Emerg Med 1998 5(2) 105-7. 

Fig. 43. (a) Effect of order of reaction on plots of reaction rate against temperature for constant heating rate, frequency factor and activation energy. EjR = 20,000, lnA = 16.0. From ref. 350. (b) Method of measuring reaction order from the shape index of dta peak. Shape index S = alb. 

Especially for the micropores, the use of calorimetry and sorption measurements can lead to better insights about the distribution of the pores and the accommodation of sorbed molecules therein. It seems that the entropic effects and effects of ordering [26] may play an important role in these materials which in turn may be used to characterize unknown samples. The results with these materials suggest that physisorption contributes significantly to the catal)dic action (by providing a higher concentration of molecules aroimd active sites) and also influences the binding at the active sites markedly. 

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