Effect of increasing temperature

Effect of increased temperature. This is often the simplest way to achieve increased capacity. 

The effects of UV light on the disproportionation of Pu(IV) The increased rate is demonstrated by the rapid decrease in Pu(IV), and corresponding increase in Pu(III) and Pu(IV). A reversible shift in the equilibrium is obvious from the return to dark condition concentrations after each exposure. The effects of increasing temperature are compared (3). 

The activity calculated from (7) comprises both film and pore diffusion resistance, but also the positive effect of increased temperature of the catalyst particle due to the exothermic reaction. From the observed reaction rates and mass- and heat transfer coefficients, it is found that the effect of external transport restrictions on the reaction rate is less than 5% in both laboratory and industrial plants. Thus, Table 2 shows that smaller catalyst particles are more active due to less diffusion restriction in the porous particle. For the dilute S02 gas, this effect can be analyzed by an approximate model assuming 1st order reversible and isothermal reaction. In this case, the surface effectiveness factor is calculated from... 

A set-up with pre-heating during the cold start was also examined. In this case, a small uncoated metal catalyst (Emitec) was mounted before the DOC as an electrical pre-heater with power 2,000 W. The aim was to study the effect of temperature increase on DOC performance during the driving cycles. The effect of increased temperature on HC light-off after cold start follows from the comparison of Fig. 16 left top and left bottom. 

Temperature Effects. The effect of a temperature increase from 25°C to 65°C is usually a small increase of the distribution coefficient (less than a factor of three). For the sorption of Cs on bentonite, which would correspond to an ion exchange process, the effect of increased temperature is the opposite. 

Although this article is mainly concerned with the liquid/solid transition temperature and the effect of increasing temperature on the tensile properties of the solid state, we recognize the importance of studies on the effect of increasing temperature on the viscosity of the liquid plastisol. The latter studies, which indicate the well known initial lowering of viscosity followed by a rapid rise in viscosity, have an important bearing on the use of PVC pastes for such applications as rota-... 

Since product distributions depend on the relative rates of competing reactions, effects of temperature on products depend on differences in activation energies, AE. For each pair of competing reactions of the tert-Bu02 radicals, the following AE values (in kilocalories per mole) and qualitative effects of increasing temperature are estimated. Some of these values were considered under Liquid-Phase Oxidations. ... 

This increase in A with increasing n is simply due to shortening of the tunneling distance with increasing vibration amplitude 8ln, and it is equivalent to the effect of increasing temperature for the incoherent tunneling rate [Benderskii et al., 1992b],... 

Three approaches were used to estimate the equilibrium constant of reaction (1), Ki, at elevated temperatures (1) an equation derived by Helgeson (15) valid to 200°C (2) free energy of formation data to 200°C for As(IH)-As(V) species in Naumov et al. (16) and (3) the Criss and Cobble (17-18) correspondence principle approach, applicable to 250°C. The effect of increasing temperature on the stability fields of As(IH)-As(V) species is illustrated in an Eh-pH diagram in Figure 2. The pressure dependence of Ki was not determined, but is assumed to be within the uncertainty of the elevated temperature Ki estimates. 

Figure 2. Portion of Eh-pH diagram for As-I O system, showing effects of increasing temperature from 25 to 100 °C. Free energy of formation data from Ref. 16 were used in the calculations.

The effects of increased temperature (thermolysis) of starch by conventional heating have been reviewed.2 In the present article, the effects of freezing, as well as heating by infrared and microwave radiations, are described. 

The effect of Increasing temperature on the amount of amino acid destroyed in one hour was noticeably greater at temperatures above 140°C than below 120°C. Between 120° and 140°C.,increase in reaction temperature had less marked effect on the reaction due to changes in the physical condition of the reaction mixture. At about 150oC. glucose melts and, as it might be expected, its mixture with amino acids would begin to melt at lower temperature. 

Sample Predict the effect of increasing temperature on the spontaneity of the reaction below ... 

Ou-Lee, T.-M., and Setter, T. 1985a. Effect of increased temperature in apical regions of maize ears on starch synthesis enzymes and accumulation of sugars and starch. Plant Physiol. 79, 852-855. 

Increasing the temperature of a sample serves to increase recoveries by increasing the vapor pressure of the volatile compounds. The effect of increasing temperature on a corn oil sample is illustrated in Figure 2. Temperature is generally the... 

Some of these will be discussed in detail below. The effect of increasing temperature, instead of applying microwave fields on the relative bands originating from the different zf levels, is also used to detect the presence of the state of spin alignment (41). At temperatures for which the SLR processes have rates comparable to the unimolecular decay processes, the decay curve becomes sensitive to temperature. The decay constant of the phosphorescence at temperatures for which the SLR are fast is related to the unimolecular decay constants of the individual zf levels by the equation (42)... 

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