Ecological biogeography

Hyperaccumulation of metallic elements in plants as reviewed above, is likely to draw increasing attention from scientists throughout the world for the reasons outlined in the introduction to this chapter. Studies on nickel plants could well involve scientists from such diverse fields as ecology, biogeography, mineral exploration, evolutionary biology, taxonomy, physiology, phytochemistry, and even archaeology (phyto-... 

The crucial but potentially elusive distinction between historical and ecological biogeography... 

Baskin CC, Baskin JM (1998) Seeds, ecology, biogeography and evolntion of dormancy and germination. Academic Press, San Diego... 

Sax DF, Stachowicz JJ, Gaines SD (eds) (2005) Species invasions insights into ecology, evolution and biogeography. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA, pp 495 Schmitt TM, Hay ME, LindquistN (1995) Constraints on chemically-mediated coevolution multiple functions for seaweed secondary metabolites. Ecology 76 107-123... 

Robinson, M. H. (1982). The ecology and biogeography of spiders in Papua New Guinea. Monographiae Biologicae 42 557-581. 

Goldammer, J. G. (1993). Historical biogeography of fire Tropical and subtropical. In Fire in the Environment, the Ecological, Atmospheric and Climatic Importance of Vegetation Fires, Crutzen, P. J., and Goldammer, J. G., eds., John Wiley Sons, Chichester, pp. 297-314. 

Gebruk, A.V., Galkin, S.V., Vereschaka, A.L., Moskalev, L.I. and Southward, A.J. (1997). Ecology and biogeography of the hydrothermal vent fauna of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Advances in Marine Biology 32,93-144. 

Andrews, J.H., Harris, R.F. The ecology and biogeography of microorganisms on plant surfaces. Annu Rev Phytopathol 2000 38 145-180. 

Cox CB, Moore PD. 1993. Biogeography an ecological and evolutionary approach. Oxford (UK) Blackwell Scientific, 298 p. 

Blaire J. M., Parmelee R. W., and Lavelle P. (1994) Influences of earthworms on biogeochemistry. In Earthworm Ecology and Biogeography in North America (ed. P. F. Hendrix). Lewis Publishers, pp. 127-158. 

Sarmiento, G. 1986. Ecological features of climate in high tropical mountains. In F. Vuilleumier and M. Monasterio (eds.) High Altitude Tropical Biogeography. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 11-45. 

Microcosms do not have some of the characteristics of naturally synthesized ecological structures. Perhaps primary is that multispecies toxicity tests are by nature smaller in scale, thus reducing the number of species that can survive in these enclosed spaces compared to natural systems. This feature is very important since after dosing, every experimental design must make each replicate an island to prevent cross contamination and to protect the environment. Therefore the dynamics of extinction and the coupled stochastic and deterministic features of island biogeography produce effects that must be separated from that of the toxicant. Ensuring that each replicate is as similar as possible over the short term minimizes the differential effects of the enforced isolation, but eventually divergence occurs. 

Josefson, A. N., Hansen, J. L. S., 2004. Species richness of benthic macrofauna in Danish estuaries and coastal areas. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 13, 273-288. 

Cox C.B., Moore P.D. (1993) Biogeography an Ecological and Evolutionary Approach. Oxford Blackwell Scientific. 

Schmidt, D. N., Renaud, S., Bollmann, J., Schiebel, R. Thierstein, H. R. 2004a. Size distribution of Holocene planktic foraminifer assemblages biogeography, ecology and adaptation. 

Bramwell, D. In Biogeography and Ecology of the Canary Islands-, G.Kunkel Publ The Hague,1976, pp. 207-240. 

Even so, what emerges from these varied efforts to define a new discipline is the study of geography and its relevance to species distributions (biology, ecology), past and present (palaeontology and neontology), and their explanation - a subject usually referred to as biogeography. 

O Malley, M.A. (2008). Everything is everywhere but the environment selects Ubiquitous distribution and ecological determinism in microbial biogeography. Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 39, 314-325. 

Fierer, N., Morse, J.L., Berthrong, S.T., Bernhardt, E.S. (2007). Environmental controls on the landscape-scale biogeography of stream bacterial communities. Ecology 66, 2162-2173. 

Dolan, I.R. (2005). An introduction to the biogeography of aquatic microbes. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 41,39-48. 

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