East European platform

On the East European platform, BIF are concentrated mainly in the western part, in the Ukrainian, Baltic, and Voronezh shields, and also in Kazakhstan in the eastern part of the platform. 

In the Ukrainian shield, BIF are developed in a number of synclinorium zones in different structural levels of the Precambrian. They are spatially unconnected, which makes it difficult to correlate them and establish their common genetic regularities. Usually several zones of development of BIF are distinguished (Semenenko, 1973), differing in location (Fig. 1) and time of formation (Fig. 2). 

The Konka-Belozerka synclinorium, which was stabilized in the first Precambrian megacycle 2700 m.y. ago, is considered to be the first and oldest zone. Rocks with an absolute age of 3500 m.y. have been established in this zone. The cherty iron-metabasite and cherty iron-ultrabasite formations of the Lower Konka group were developed essentially at that time. In the final stages of development of the zone, basic volcanism was superseded by acid volcanism and the rocks of the cherty iron-keratophyre formation of 

The second zone takes in the Bazavluk synclinorium, which began to develop in the period of 2700-2800 m.y. and stabilized 2300 m.y. ago. In this zone the cherty iron deposits consist of a cherty iron-metabasite formation in the Lower Bazavluk group and a cherty iron-keratophyre formation in the Upper Bazavluk group. The rocks of this zone are very diverse in rank of metamorphism from phyllite to pyroxene-gneiss. 

The third zone is confined to the Orekhov-Pavlograd synclinorium, developed 2300-1800 m.y. ago. Semenenko (1973) correlates the Korsak and 

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Grotek, I. 2005. Variability of coalification degree of the dispersed organic matter in the Carboniferous deposits along the margin of the East European Platform. Polish Geological Institute Bulletin, 413, 5-80. 

The largest areas where Precambrian iron-formations are developed are the East European platform (the Krivoy Rog, Kremenchug, Belozerka, and other districts of the Ukrainian shield, the Voronezh, Baltic, and Central Kazakhstan shields), the Lake Superior area on the North American platform, Minas Gerais in Brazil, Hamersley in Australia, Singhbum in India, etc. 

Vovk I. F. (1987) Radiolytic salt enrichment and brines in the crystalline basement of the East European Platform. In Saline Water and Gases in Crystalline Rocks, Special Paper 33 (eds. P. Fritz and S. K. Frape). Geological Association of Canada, Memorial University, Newfoundland, pp. 197-210. 

This process is believed responsible for elevated H2 concentrations (up to millimolar levels) in fluid emanations from rocks of the East European platform... 

Engineering geological conditions are very complicated and variegated in Moscow, which is a result of its long geological history (Osipov Medvedev 1997). Moscow is located in the centre of the ancient East-European platform, within the Moscow syncline. The platform crystalline foundation of preCambrian age and the lower part of sedimentary mantle are broken by the deep Moscow aulocogene. During the latest 550 million years of platform development, the territory of... 

Lineament analysis is conducted in a border of Permskiy krai on the karst regions. Significant feature of Permskiy krai is its location on the junction of East European platform and Ural Mountains. Investigated areas were chosen in dependence on structural-tectonic conditions ... 

Polaznenskiy peninsula occupies part of the eastern edge of the East European Platform and the adjacent parts of the Pre-Ural trough, Polaznensky area mainly sulfate and carbonate-sulfate karst ... 

ABSTRACT Geological conditions of the Kazan city area are typical for East European Platform alluvial sandy-clay sediments overlay the eroded surface of Permian, mainly carbonate section. 

Previously mentioned features could be explained, first of all, by different type, intensity and duration of weathering over the studied area. Thus, 23 Ma, Miocene, an active lifting of East European Platform begins (the amplitude of... 

The earthquake-prone Vrancea region is situated at the bend of the Southeast Carpathians at the contact of East European Platform (EEP) to the north and northeast, Scythian platform to the east. North Dobrogea orogeny to the southeast, Moesian Platform to the south and southwest, and Carpathian orogen and Transylvanian basin (hitra-Alpine plate) to the west and northwest... 

Some of the outlying Western European nations, such as the Nordic countries, Spain, and Italy, rely mostfy on methanol imports from so-called deep-sea sources. These sources are as close as Libya and the former Eastern Bloc and as far away as Saudi Arabia and New Zealand. There are preliminary plans to build a world-scale methanol plant on the western coast of Norway that would be supplied by associated gas from a new offshore crude oil platform. Since the platform has not yet been built, nor has the delivery system to the mainland, we do not anticipate this plant to come on-stream until sometime in the middle to later part of this decade. The preliminary plans call for the associated gas to be delivered to the shoreline commingled with the crude oil and separated at that point. The plans also include a world-scale MTBE plant to utilize part of this methanol production. The only other new development in methanol production in Western Europe is that, since the reunification of Germany, the Leuna Werke plant in former East Germany (now eastern Germany) falls under Western European methanol-producing capability. 

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