Ear Mites

In dogs and cats, selamectin is rapidly absorbed from the skin into the bloodstream, where it kills heart-worm microfilaria. Selamectin is excreted into the intestinal tract where it kills intestinal parasites. Finally, selamectin is selectively distributed from the bloodstream into the sebaceous glands of the skin, forming reservoirs that provide persistent efficacy against fleas, ear mites, and sarcoptic mites. Active concentrations of selamectin are found in the plasma for at least 30 days. It is excreted mostly in the feces and a small unmetabolized amount in the urine. 

The most popular consumer formulations for direct application to the animal are normally pyrethrum-based and incorporate either PBO alone, or a dual-synergisi system with both PBO and MGK 264. Sprays, shampoos, powders and dusts arc available for the control of ear mites in pels, and the majority of these contain PBO. 

Lotions and mists for the control and rcpellency of ear mites of dogs/puppies. cals/kittens, and rabbits are frequently formulated with PBO. A typical formulation will contain 0.15% pyrethrins synergized at a I 10 ratio with PBO-Since synergized pyrethrins are not cholinesterase inhibitors, they may be used in conjunction with flea and tick dips, collars and oral medications- Products based on pyreth ram and PBO offer veterinarians safe, effective residual action without (he inclusion of toxic additives and without restrictions on repeat applications or concomitant treatments with other insecticides or anthelmintics (MacDonald and Miller, 1986). 

Maize Organic Aphids, mites and corn ear worm Clark et al. 

Spraying with sulphur from the mouse-ear/greenbud stage onwards has a good suppressive effect on the apple rust mite. Spraying with sulphur is less effective once infestation is very severe, however. 

When to apply around the mouse-ear/greenbud stage (see also Control of the red spider mite). 

For many years the British Pharmaceutical Codex (BP Vet.) has listed PBO as an acaraeide for veterinary use and a PBO formulation used to conirol mites in horses ears. 

Recent trials done by Breathnach (1996) at University College Dublin revealed that concentrations varying from O.Q59r to 0.20 w/v of PBO alone effectively controlled the mite Pxnroptes cunictdi infesting rabbits ears. The experimental data are summarized graphically in Fig. 19.1. 

Permethrin is marketed in spray (liquid or wettable powder), dust, ear tag, and pour-on formulations and is used in cattle being the target parasites horn flies, face flies, stable flies, back flies, houseflies, ticks, mites, and lice. Permethrin is available as ear tag formulation in combination with chlorpyrifos, and the target parasites are the same for permethrin. 

Pyrethrins Some formulations contain piperonyl butoxide (synergist), A-octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide (synergist), di-n-propyl isocinchomeronate (repellent), permethrin, carbaryl, or rotenone. The marketed formulatirms are spray, foam, dust, shampoo (0.2%), dip, or ear drops, and the target parasites are mainly fleas, ticks, mites, and lice (some products). 

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