Duration, sound

Heart sounds Sound Si occurs at the beginning of systole as the mitral and tricuspid valves close S2 occurs at the beginning of diastole as the aortic and pulmonary valves close. These points should be in line with the beginning of electrical depolarization (QRS) and the end of repolarization (T), respectively, on the ECG trace. The duration of Si matches the duration of isovolumic contraction (IVC) and that of S2 matches that of isovolumic relaxation (IVR). Mark the vertical lines on the plot to demonstrate this fact. 

Clinicians characterize tics by their anatomical location, number, frequency, and duration. The intensity or forcefulness of the tic can also be an important characteristic as some tics call attention to themselves simply by virtue of their exaggerated character. Finally, tics vary in terms of their complexity, which usually refers to how simple or involved a movement or sound is, ranging from brief, meaningless, abrupt fragments (simple tics) to ones that are longer, more involved, and seemingly more goal directed in character (complex tics). Each of these elements has been... 

Vigilance tests long series of identical sounds with rare sounds of slightly longer duration interspersed these have to be reported... 

The method of audio representation of multivariate analytical data has not been used, to our knowledge, in the representation of food data. However, the large number of properties of sound (pitch, loudness, damping, direction, duration, rest) seems suitable for the recognition of complex information, at least as an alternative. 

In hydrodynamic cavitation, the tensile stress is of relatively long duration and plenty of caviration nuclei are usually available. As a result, cavitation occurs when the total net pressure, or the stagnation pressure, becomes approximately equal to the vapor pressure of the liquid. In acoustic cavitation, the cyclic pressure required to produce cavitation is a function of the frequency, the partial pressure of any dissolved gas, and the population of cavitation nuclei. For frequencies above about 200.(XX) Hz. the threshold pressure for cavitation increases with the square of the frequency and is almust independent of the degree of gas saturation. For frequencies below 200,000 Hz. the threshold pressure is a funelion of the partial pressure of the dissolved gas. In saturated liquids at sound pressures less than a... 

Microscopic growth increments 1 to 100 microns thick have been recorded from mollusc shells327. These were explained as daily deposits. However, a note of caution should be sounded in view of the findings that in some shells tidal growth increments are indicated and that the average duration of an increment is 24 hours and 50 minutes (circalunadian rhythm)337. ... 

For non-stationary sounds the internal representation is best described by means of a temporal representation. The internal representation can be measured by means of a test signal of short duration. A schematic example for a single click (masker) is given in Fig. 1.3 where the masked threshold of such a click is measured with a second click (target). The masked threshold can be interpreted as the result of an internal, smeared out, representation of the puls (Fig. 1.3, excitation pattern). 

In summary, habitual sleep durations of 5-7 hr confer little mortality risk, and perhaps no substantial morbidity, although those with short sleep durations may fall asleep more rapidly and sleep more soundly. 

Extrapolation of data from one material to another must always be based on sound scientific principles and all available data. Even so, extrapolation always bears risk. To demonstrate that every batch of clinical trial material was within applicable specifications for the duration of its use in clinical studies, some firms test every batch of clinical trial material at expiry. This is especially valuable when an expiration-dating period was not based on real-time data for the precise clinical trial material in the precise container-closure used in the clinical trials. 

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