Drugs chromatographic analysis

B.J. Gudzinowicz, Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Drugs and Pesticides, Marcel Dekker, New York, Vol. 2 (1998). 

Viehauer S. et al., 1995. Evaluation and routine application of the novel restricted-access precolumn packing material Alkyl-Diol Silica Coupled-column high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of the photoreactive drug 8-methoxypsoralen in plasma. J Chromatogr B 666 315. 

Liu J-T, Liu RH, 2002. Enantiomeric composition of abused amine drugs chromatographic methods of analysis and data interpretation. J Biochem Biophys Methods 54 115. 

Juergens, U. 1981. High-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis of residues of drugs in honey. I. Tetracycline. Juergens, Uwe. Z. Lebensm.-Unters. Forsch., 173(5) 356-8. 

F Beigi, Q Yang, P Lundahl. Immobilized-liposome chromatographic analysis of drug partitioning into lipid bilayers. J Chromatogr A 704 315-321, 1995. 

Q Yang, X-Y Liu, S-i Ajiki, M Hara, P Lundahl, J Miyake. Avidin-biotin immobilization of unilamellar liposomes in gel beads for chromatographic analysis of drug-membrane partitioning. J Chromatogr B 707 131-141, 1998. 

Enzymes can be used in several ways in chromatographic applications to improve selectivity or to enhance the detector response. Applications may involve enzymes with either a broad specificity toward a group of related compounds or a high specificity toward a particular compound. In the field of drug residue analysis, most current applications concern enzymatic reactions taking place in separate reactors incorporated in LC systems before or after the analytical column. Reactors with immobilized enzymes have proven to be suitable in such continuous flow systems. 

In liquid chromatographic analysis of quinolone antibacterials, most popular is the fluorometric detector due to the inherent fluorescence of these drugs and the advantages in terms of selectivity and sensitivity that this detector offers (Table 29.6). Fluorometric detection after postcolumn derivatization with sulfuric acid has also been reported (203). However, quinolones exhibit also remarkable ultraviolet absorption and are therefore ideal for direct determination without derivatization. Detection can be performed in the wavelength range of 254-295 nm. 

Gas chromatographic separation has not gained wide acceptance in spite of being quite sensitive and specific. This mode of separation is complicated by the need for derivatization of sulfonamide residues before gas chromatographic analysis. These drugs are subjected to derivatization via methylation with diazomethane (223, 224, 253, 254, 271), or double derivatization via methylation followed either by silylation with Ai-methyl-Ai-trimethylsilytrifluoroacetamide (261) or by acylation with A-methyl-bis(trifluoroacetamide) (256). This derivatization step is required not only to form the volatile derivatives of the sulfonamides but also to improve their chromatographic properties (thermal stability and decreased polarity). 

Although spectrophotometric, fluorometric, electrochemical, and mass spectrometric detectors have all been equally well used in liquid chromatographic analysis of anticoccidial drugs, the most popular is the ultraviolet photometric... 

As in the preceding section, techniques will be given for the gas chromatographic analysis of the major classes of abused drugs as isolated from biological material. 

Jane, I., McKinnon, A., and Flanagan, R. J. (1985). High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of basic drugs on silica columns using non-aqueous ionic eluents. II. Application of UV, fluorescence and electrochemical oxidation detection. J. Chromatogr. 323 191-225. 

Pippenger, C.E. and Gillen, H.W. Gas chromatographic analysis for anticonvulsant drugs in biologic fluids. Clin. Chem. 15 582-590, 1969. 

M. J. Walters and W. E. Dunbar, High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of hydrocortisone drug substance, tablets, and enema, J. Pharm. Sci., 77 446(1982). 

P. D. Bryan and J. T. Stewart, Chromatographic analysis of selected tetracyclines from dosage forms and bulk drug substance... 

Becker C, Worek F, John H (2010) Chromatographic analysis of toxic phosphylated oximes (POX) a brief overview. Drug Test Anal 2 460-468... 

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