Drug Addiction Treatment Act

Subutex and Suboxone are unique not so much for their chemical makeup or mode of operation, but for the regulatory hurdles they overcame. Unlike other pharmacotherapies for heroin addiction (e.g, methadone, naltrexone, ORLAAM °), which can only be dispensed by specialized Opioid Treatment Clinics, specially-trained doctors are permitted to prescribe Subutex and Suboxone drugs in a standard office setting under the Drug Addiction Treatment Act (DATA) of 2000."... 

The Drug Addiction Treatment Act of 2000 (DATA 2000), Title XXXV, Section 3502 of the Children s Health Act of 2000, permits physicians who meet certain qualifications to treat opioid... 

In 1970, the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act was enacted into federal law. One purpose of the act was to clarify the ways in which medical personnel could legally dispense methadone to heroin addicts. In order to further clarify heroin treatment parameters, the Narcotic Addict Treatment Act of 1974 was passed, which set forth minimum standards for all... 

United States Narcotic Addiction Rehabilitation Act authorizes the civil commitment of narcotic addicts, and gives federal financial assistance to states and local authorities to develop a local system of drug treatment programs. Methadone clinic treatment programs begin to dramatically rise. 

The following chapters will include historical information on the discovery and use of inhalants. There will also be descriptions of the classes of inhalants and information given on many of the commonly abused chemicals. Explanations of the mechanisms by which inhalants act on the brain and body will follow, including the discussion of current research aimed at understanding drug addiction. The short- and long-term effects of inhalant abuse on the body will be described, and trends of inhalant use and attitudes toward it will be discussed. Lastly, there will be a presentation of information on treatment and prevention of inhalant use. 

This act established a record keeping requirement for the receipt and dispensing of opium or coca leaf products. A tax was assessed, also, for the dispensing of these products. Physicians were allowed to prescribe these products in the course of legitimate treatment to patients other than drug addicts. The possession of narcotics without a prescription became illegal. 

Buspirone is an extremely specific drug that could possibly represent a new chemical class of anxiolytics—azaspirones. As an anxiolytic, its activity is equal to that of benzodiazepines however, it is devoid of anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant properties, which are characteristic of benzodiazepines. It does not cause dependence or addiction. The mechanism of its action is not conclusively known. It does not act on the GABA receptors, which occurs in benzodiazepine use however, it has a high affinity for seratonin (5-HT) receptors and a moderate affinity for dopamine (D2) receptors. Buspirone is effective as an anxiolytic. A few side effects of buspirone include dizziness, drowsiness, headaches, nervousness, fatigue, and weakness. This drug is intended for treatment of conditions of anxiety in which stress, muscle pain, rapid heart rate, dizziness, fear, etc. are observed in other words, conditions of anxiety not associated with somewhat common, usual, and everyday stress. Synonyms for buspirone are anizal, axoren, buspar, buspimen, buspinol, narol, travin, and others. 

Related hypnotics that also act at benzodiazepine receptors are the newer agents zolpidem, a imida-zopyridine, zaleplon a pyrazolopyrimidine and the cyclopyrrolone zopiclone. Zopiclone might have a role for the treatment of benzodiazepine addiction. In patients in whom zopiclone was substituted for a benzodiazepine for 1 month and then itself abmptly terminated, improved sleep was reported during the zopiclone treatment, and withdrawal effects were absent on discontinuation of zopiclone. A series of non-sedating anxiolytic drugs derived from the same structural families as the above mentioned nonbenzodiazepines, have been developed, such as alpi-dem and pagoclone. 

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