Drosophila lifespan

Some mutants of D. melanogaster with extended lifespans have a defective insulin / IGF signaling pathway. The methuselah mutant, whose lifespan is 35% greater than average, appears to involve a G-protein-coupled transmembrane receptor. Mutation of an insulin receptor homolog extends lifespan, apparently by causing a juvenile hormone deficiency. Drosophila lifespan is also lengthened by mutation of a transmembrane dicarboxylate transporter or by overexpression of a protein repair carboxyl methyltransferase (p. 594). ... 

Flies and worms. Expression of wild-type and mutant human tau proteins in nerve cells of D. melanogaster and C. elegans led to a reduced lifespan and the loss of nerve cells, in the apparent absence of tau filaments [40, 41]. Phosphorylation of tau was more extensive in the fly than in the worm. In Drosophila, phosphorylation of S262 and S356 in tau by PAR-1 kinase, the fly homologue of MARK, appeared to be necessary for the subsequent phosphorylation at other sites, indicating the existence of a hierarchical and temporally ordered phosphorylation process. 

Menaker Paul Hardin, do you think that the extent to which the Drosophila system is composed of separate oscillators is related to the lifespan of the animal In other words, if you were to do the rough translation of the phase-shifting trajectories that we see in mammals and apply those to flies, if those oscillators were all connected the fly would never get back in synchrony if it flew from London to New York The question is, will a long-lived insect be organized in a mammalian way, with connected oscillators, or not Is this an insect characteristic or a lifespan characteristic ... 

An experimental difficulty lies in the fact that there are only a few thousand taste buds in the tongue, with only 50-100 cells in a bud. They age rapidly, having a lifespan of only about ten days.924 There may be only 30,000-50,000 hard-to-isolate taste receptor cells on the tongue s surface.923 However, very recently published reports describe a large family of bitter and sweet receptors in mice and humans924-928 and in Drosophila.929 930 The sweet-sour receptors are thought to activate a G protein called gustducin,931/932 which plays a role similar to that of transducin in vision and... 

Walker D. W., Muffat J., Rundel C., and Benzer S. (2006). Overexpression of a Drosophila homolog of apolipoprotein D leads to increased stress resistance and extended lifespan. Curr. Biol. 16 674-679. 

Peng, C. Chan, H. Y.E. Huang, Y. Yu, H. ChenZ. Y. 2011. Apple polyphenols extend the mean lifespan of drosophila melanogaster. J. Agric. Food Chem. 59 2097-2106. 

One such breakthrough has already happened the advent of knock-out mice, in which the genes for enzymes like SOD are disabled so that the protein is not produced. Such experiments are valuable, and illustrate the importance of SOD in newborn mice but the fact that SOD is necessary in baby mice does not mean it is important in ageing people. The extension of lifespan in Drosophila by the overproduction of SOD and catalase is more revealing, but limited, so far, to Drosophila. 

Clancy, D., Gems, D., Harshman, L. G., Oldham, S., Stocker, H., Hafen, E., Leevers, S. J. and Partridge, L. Extension of lifespan by loss of CHICO, a Drosophila insulin receptor substrate protein. Science 292 104-106 2001. 

Sykiotis GP, Bohmann D (2008) Keapl/Nrf2 signaling regulates oxidative stress tolerance and lifespan in Drosophila. Dev Cell 14 76-85... 

Long J, Gao H, Sun L, Liu J, Zhao-WUson X (2009) Grape extract protects mitochondria from oxidative damage and improves locomotor dysfunction and extends lifespan in a Drosophila Parkinson s disease model. Rejuvenation Res 12 321-331 Lopez-Miranda J, Delgado-lista J, Perez-Martinez P, Jimenez-G6mez Y, Puentes F, Ruano J, Matin C (2007) Ohve oil and the haemostatic system. Mol Nutr Food Res 51 1249-1259... 

Camporeale, G., Giordano, E., Rendina, R., Zempleni, J., and Eissenberg, J.C., 2006. Drosophila holocarboxylase synthetase is a chromosomal protein required for normal histone biotinylation, gene transcription patterns, lifespan and heat tolerance. Journal of Nutrition. 136 2735-2742. 

Bass, T.M., Weinkove, D., Houthoofd, K., Gems, D., and Partridge, L. 2007. Effects of resveratrol on lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans. Mech Aging Dev, 128 546-552. 

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