Drawings orthographic

At the beginning of the class, the isometric view (Fig. 4) of the component was displayed, and students were expected to draw orthographic projections. Later the solutions are displayed and students will cross evaluate themselves. The complexity of 3D component goes on increasing from class to class. After 50 % of the course completion, orthographic projections (Fig. 5) were displayed, and students are expected to draw isometric view. By the end of the semester, students were able to draw orthographic projections for the given 3D objects and vice versa. 

Some companies use it only to obtain a rough three-dimensional view of the plant. Others include on it all pipes, valves, and electrical lines. In this case, a large number of orthographic drawings and layouts will be eliminated. In some cases the dimensions for some piping may be taken directly off the model, although usually a pipe sketch is also included (see Fig. 12-3) for each pipeline. This is sometimes... 

A portion of the MTG model is shown in Fig. 7. The use of plastic models enables engineering contractors to eliminate the preparation of the complex orthographic piping drawings. It also facilitates the review and approval of the plant layout by the owners and minimizes errors caused by interference between piping, structural steel and concrete. 

Now if you were to draw perpendicular lines from the comers of the object into the faces of the glass box, you would see the outlines shown in Figure 16.1. The outlines are called the orthographic projection of the object into the horizontal, vertical, and the profile planes. 

J Draw the orthographic views of the object shown in Figure 16.5(a). 

As was the case with orthographic views, there are specific rules that one must fisUow to draw the isometric view of an object. We will use the object shown in Figure 16.10 to demonstrate the steps that you need to follow to draw the isometric view of an object. 

Orthographic projection may be first angle or third angle and the system used on a drawing should be shown by the appropriate symbol. 

Figure 10-10. In this example a wire form is converted to a four-perspective orthographic/isometric drawing.

As the Invert elevations of the main at the sewer boxes are confirmed, the actual elevations are recorded on the orthographic piping plan drawing, which is shown in Exhibit 13-7. 

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