Doping behavior

ZnO P films doping behavior of PLD ZnO P(l — 5 at. %) films, after annealing semi-insulating films by deep level formation [100]... 

G. M. do Nascimento, C. H. B. Silva, and M. L. A. Temperini, Electronic structure and doping behavior of PANl-NSA nanofibers investigated by resonance Raman spectroscopy, Macromol. Rapid. Commun., 27, 255-259 (2006). 

Abstract ESR spectroscopic applications to polymer science are presented. ESR parameters used for the molecular and material characterization of polymer materials are reviewed. It is emphasized that ESR studies of the polymer science are particularly effective in three areas. (1) Intermediate species such as free radicals produced in chemical reactions of polymer materials can be directly detected. (2) The temperature dependent ESR spectra of free radicals trapped in the polymer matrices are very effective for the evaluation of molecular mobility (molecular motion) of polymer chains. (3) The mobility of electron, the structure of solitons, and the doping behavior in conduction polymers can be observed in detail in order to clarify the mechanism of conduction. 

The mobility of electron, the structure of solitons, and the doping behavior in conduction polymers can be observed in detail in order to clarify the mechanism of conduction. 

FuUerene peapods represent another class of nanotube-based materials, which have been widely studied by spectroelectrochemistry [99-102]. The doping behavior of these materials is in general somewhat analogous to DWCNTs, but there are still some unexplained phenomena, such as the anomalous enhancement of the Ag(2) mode of CgQ SWCNT at high anodic potentials [103]. Hence, further investigation of these materials is needed. 

First, it is worth noting that some polythiophene derivatives do not display good n-doping behavior. This is the case for unsubstituted polythiophene, poly(3-methylthiophene) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). Nonetheless, it will be shown below that they could be useful as positive electrode materials in hybrid electrochemical capacitors. 

He R, Che Q, Sun B (2008) The acid doping behavior of polybenzrmidazole membranes in phosphoric acid for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Fiber Polym 9 679-684... 

T. Yamamoto, K. Shiraishi, M. Abla, I. Yamaguchi, and L. Groenendaal. 2002. Neutral poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-2,5-diyl)s Preparation by orga-nometallic polycondensation and their unique p-doping behavior. Polymer 43(3) 711-719. 

Fisher, C. A. J., Prieto, V. M. H. Islam, M. S. Lithium battery materials LiMP04 (M = Mn, Fe, Co and Ni) Insights into defect association, transport mechanism and doping behavior. Chem. Mater., 20, 5907-5915 (2008). 

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