Dopaminergic system

Dopaminergic System Anti-Parkinson Drugs a-Adrenergic System... 

Both amphetamine and cocaine have also been reported to support intracranial self-administration in the mesolimbic/mesocortical dopaminergic system. Rats will self-administer cocaine into the medial prefrontal cortex (Goeders and Smith 1983). while amphetamine is self-administered into the orbitofrontal cortex of rhesus monkeys (Phillips and Rolls 1981) and the nucleus accumbens of rats (Hoebel et al. 1983 Monaco et al. 1981). These data indicate that the mesolimbic/mesocortical dopaminergic system is involved in the initiation of stimulant reinforcement processes, and this work suggests that the region of the nucleus accumbens, more specifically the mesolimbic dopamine system, may be an important substrate for reinforcing properties of several psychomotor stimulant drugs. 

QUESTION How can you dissociate the locomotor effects from the reinforcing effects It has been agreed that lesions of the mesolimbic system affect locomotor activity and shown by Eberson with respect to the dopaminergic system. How do you know you don t have a rat that is motorically compromised and can t press the lever to get the cocaine How can you dissociate that from the reinforcement efficacy ... 

METHAMPHETAMINE STUDIES METH Effects on the Dopaminergic System... 

Pycock, C. Milson, J. Firsay, D. and Marsden, C.D. The effect of manipulation of cholinergic mechanisms on turning behavior in mice with unilateral destruction of the nigro-neostriatal dopaminergic system. Neuropharmacoloav 17 175-183, 1978. 

In rodents, PCP produces not only ataxia, but also stereotyped behavior and hyperactivity. The PCP-induced stereotyped behavior is thought to be due to changes in serotonergic and dopaminergic systems (Nabeshima et al. 1983 Martin et al. 1979 Sturgeon et al. 1981). It is not known whether PCP receptors mediate PCP-induced hyperactivity or stereotyped behavior or even the effect on neurotransmitter systems. It is also possible that mu, kappa, or sigma opioid receptors are involved (Castellani et al. 1982). 

Nonetheless, the amphetamine-1ike actions of PCP are of considerable interest for the following reasons. Malfunction of the dopaminergic system has been implicated as having considerable importance in schizophrenia. PCP s interactions with this system may be responsible in large measure for its schizophreniform manifestations in humans. Like amphetamines, PCP would be expected to exacerbate schizophrenia, and users with this or related disorders, or with latent psychiatric diseases, may be at... 

Furthermore, the presence of CB1 in the structures and pathways associated with the pathophysiology of Tourette s syndrome, and especially the functional link between CB1 and Di, D2, also argues that the endocannabinoid system may have some involvement in this disorder as well (Consroe, 1998). In addition, it has been suggested that activation of CB1 receptors, also owing to their link with the dopaminergic system, may reduce dyskinesia produced by L-DOPA in patients with Parkinson s disease (Brotsie, 1998). 

Lanphear BP University of Rochester, Rochester, NY Confirm that lead exposure appears to disrupt cognitive functions known to involve mesofrontal dopaminergic systems National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences... 

Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter in the CNS and at some ganglia in the autonomic nervous system. To date, three main types of receptors have been found D1( D2, and D3. The main dopaminergic systems in the brain are the nigro-neostriatal... 

Pataki et al. showed that apomorphine and bromocriptine enhanced the elevation of body temperature induced by pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide in rats and observed that hyperthermia was antagonized by haloperidol, suggesting the involvement of the dopaminergic system (100). 

Cauli O, Morelli M. Caffeine and the dopaminergic system. Behav Pharmacol 2005 16 63-77. 

Nakamura, T., Uramura, K, Nambu, T. et al. (2000). Orexin-induced hyperlocomotion and stereotypy are mediated by the dopaminergic system. Brain Res. 873, 181-7. 

Gerfen C. R., Herkenham M., Thibault J. (1987). The neostriatal mosaic II. Patch- and matrix-directed mesostriatal dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic systems. J. Neurosci. 7, 3915-34. 

Halasz B., Fuxe K., Agnati L. F. et al. editors. (1985). The Dopaminergic System. New York, NY Springer Verlag. 

Hamdi A., Brock J., Ross K, Prasad C. (1993). Effects of rapid eye movement sleep deprivation on the properties of striatal dopaminergic system. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 46, 863-6. 

Sakata M., Sei H., Toida K. et al. (2002). Mesolimbic dopaminergic system is involved in diurnal blood pressure regulation. Brain Res. 928(1-2), 194-201. 

The dopaminergic system plays a role in the abuse liability for some, if not most, drugs. The stimulants — opiates, marijuana, nicotine, and ethanol — all interact directly or indirectly with... 

Corrigall, W.A., Franklin, K.B., Coen, K.M., Clarke, P.B. The mesolimbic dopaminergic system is implicated in the reinforcing effects of nicotine. Psychopharmacology (Berlin). 107 285, 1992. 

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