Diversity genes

Ichihara, Y., Matsuoka, H., Kurosawa, Y. (1988b). Organization of human immunoglobulin heavy chain diversity gene loci. EMBO J. 7,4141-4150. 

Several genes, which are induced by many different stimuli and are expressed in a variety of tissues, contain G-box-like promoter sequences. In many instances this element has been shown to be bound by nuclear proteins and/or has been demonstrated to be important for expression. In attempting to evaluate whether GBF-1 - or related factors - may be involved in mediating the expression of these diverse genes, we considered it important to investigate the binding properties of GBF-1 for some of these naturally occurring G-box-like promoter sequences. 

Yagi, T., and Takeichi, M. (2000). Cadherin superfamily genes Functions, genomic organization, and neurologic diversity. Genes Dev. 14, 1169-1180. 

Puschel, A. W., Adams, R. H., and Betz, H. (1995). Murine semaphorin D/collapsin is a member of a diverse gene family and creates domains inhibitory for axonal extension. Neuron 14, 941-948. 

J.M. Park, B.S. Gim, J.M. Kim, J.H. Yoon, H.S. Kim, J.G Kang, and Y.J. Kim. 2001. Drosophila mediator complex is broadly utilized by diverse gene-specific transcription factors at different types of core promoters Mo/. Cell. Biol. 21 2312-2323. (PubMed) (Full Text in PMC)... 

J (Joining) Genes and D (Diversity) Genes Inerease Antibody Diversity... 

A second approach, when a diverse gene pool is available, is to interbreed species with appropriate traits by standard seed-breeding processes. This has been done very effectively with species of brassica to yield the modem oilseed rape (canola). If necessary, the gene pool can be extended by mutation resulting from chemical treatment or from irradiation. This may produce novel varieties with interesting traits and is the basis of the low-linolenic lines from linseed, and other examples are described in Section 9.3. 

Generate genetic diversity (gene library) / Error-prone PCR... 

The mechanisms of gene-specific repressors are also diverse. Gene-specific repressors may function by binding to transcription activators or by competing with the activator for overlapping binding sites. The extent of repression is then determined... 

Su, X. Z., Heatwole, V. M., Wertheimer, S. P., Guinet, F., Herrfeldt, J. A., Peterson, D. S., Ravetch, J. A., and Wellems, T. E. (1995). The large diverse gene family var encodes proteins involved in cytoadherence and antigenic variation of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes. Cell 82,89-100. 

See also Homologous Recombination, Site-Specific Recombination, Transposable Genetic Elements, Generating Antibody Diversity, Gene Rearrangements, Mechanisms of Protein Mutation (Chapter 7)... 

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