Disulphonate stilbene

The receptor-operated Cl -channels of the central nervous system (CNS) are gated by the respective agonists GABA and glycine. Most Cl -channels can be inhibited by disulphonate stilbenes. Muscle Cl -channels can be inhibited by anthracene-9-carboxylate (A9C) and probably by IAA-94. The ICOR Cl -channel is fairly sensitive to NPPB. It should be noted, however, that none of these probes, except for the GABA- and glycine-receptor Cl -channels, is of sufficient affinity and selectivity to permit the channel identification by its use. This dilemma is one of the reasons why the purification of epithelial Cl -channels lags behind that of the CNS Cl -channels. 

In a recent study on the ICOR-channel we have compared the effect of NPPB to that of the disulphonate stilbenes (Fig. 2), IAA-94 (Fig. 2) and amidine (Fig. 2). We found that all these compounds induced a flicker-type block. NPPB showed the highest affinity [63]. The results of this study were perplexing inasmuch as compounds which appear to be chemically different, and even possess opposite net charges, exert comparable effects. In further studies on the ICOR channel others and we were able to show that unsaturated fatty acids, bumetanide, the buffer HEPES and even Ca -antagonists such as verapamil inhibited the ICOR channel... 

Dinitra-sym-diphenyl urea 550 Dinitro stilbene disulphonic 450... 

Dextrose monohydrate Diallyl phthalate Diamino stilbene disulphonic acid... 

Approximately 75% of fluorescent brighteners belong to the stilbene class. These are almost invariably derived from 4,4, diaminostilbene 2,2, disulphonic acid (1.6 X = NH2), often condensed with cyanuric chloride to take advantage of the further contribution of the s-triazine rings to substantivity for cellulose. 

The highly reactive compound disodium 4,4,-bis(dichlorotriazinylamino) stilbene-2,2 -disulphonate (7.126 known as DAST or T-DAS), an important intermediate in the manufacture of stilbene-type fluorescent brightening agents (section 11.6.1), has been evaluated recently as a crosslinking agent for the fixation of dyes with nucleophilic groups. Compound 7.126 was applied to cotton simultaneously with the hydrolysed form of Cl... 

Fig. 10.1 Structures ofthe fluorescent whitening agents included in this study. Full names DAS 1,4,4 -bis[4-anilino-6-morpholino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-amino]stilbene-2,2 -disulphonate DSBP, 4,4 -bis(2-sulfostyryl)biphenyl BLS, 4,4 -bis(4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl)biphenyl. Internal standard 4,4 -bis-5-ethyl-3-sulfobenzofur-2-yl)biphenyl.

Whitening agent Disodium 4,4 -bis-(2-morpholino-4-anilino-s-triazin-6-ylamino) stilbene disulphonate 0.31 wt. %... 

Yield.—About 40% theoretical (60 gms.). Used for preparation of diamido-stilbene-disulphonic acid and stilbene dyestuffs. (B., 30, 3100.)... 

Evidence for chloride accumulation and extrusion mechanisms were examined with putative inhibitors. Intracellular injection of ammonium ions, bathing the preparation in 4-acetamido-4,-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2 -disulphonic acid (SITS), 4,4 -diisothiocyanato-stilbene-2,2 -disulphonic acid (DIDS), acetazolamide, furosemide, NH +, Zn + or Cu + were without effect on the reversal potential for GABA. The data obtained so far suggest that chloride-regulating mechanisms present in the cockroach are not sensitive to the inhibitors which block other invertebrate (15,16) or vertebrate (17) chloride pumps. 

Ethenediyl)bis(5-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid), di-sodium salt. Benzenesulfonic acid, 2,2 -(1,2-ethenediyl)bis(5-nitro-, disodium salt 4,4 -Dinitrostilbene-2,2 -disulfonic acid, disodium salt Disodium 4,4 -dinilro-2,2 -stilbene-disulfonic acid Disodium 4,4 -dinitro-2,2 -stilbene-disulfonate Disodium 4,4 -dinitrostilbene-2,2 -disulphon-ate EINECS 223-051-2 NSC 163175 2,2 -Stilbenedisulfonic acid, 4,4 -dlnltro-, disodium salt. 

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