Distillation range gasoline

Figure 1.1 illustrates the diversity of products derived from petroleum classified according to their distillation ranges and number of carbon atoms. From one crude to another, the proportions of the recovered fractions vary widely. A good illustration is the gasoline fraction (one of the most economically attractive) a crude from Qatar gives about 37 per cent by volume whereas a Boscan crude oil only yields 4.5%. 

Outside of their very high resistance to auto-ignition, the aviation gasolines are characterized by the following specifications vapor pressure between 385 and 490 mbar at 37.8°C, a distillation range (end point less than 170°C), freezing point (-60°C) and sulfur content of less than 500 ppm. 

Durene Formation - An aromatic compound, durene (1, 2, 4, 5-tetramethylbenzene) is produced in the MTG process. Durene has excellent research octane blending quality (110 RON clear) and boils within the gasoline distillation range (197°C) however, its freezing point is relatively high at 79°C. 

Table I compares properties of Dimersol Dimate and C3 alkylate. In studying this table one sees a basic difference between dimate and C3 alkylate volatility manifested in distillation and RVP. In gasoline blending this becomes important when one is blending with reformate. To illustrate, we will show a series of bar charts giving the RON s of consecutive individual 10 volume % increments of full boiling range gasolines.

Properties (Technical material, mixture of isomers) Water-white or pale-yellow hquid mild odor. D 0.85 (20/20C), fp —7.5C, distillation range 200-235C, refr index 1.45-1.47, flash p 210F (99C). Insoluble in water soluble in methanol, ether, acetone, benzene, gasoline, and ethyl acetate. Combustible. 

As with naphtha, the number of potential hydrocarbon isomers in the gasoline boiling range (Table 5.2) renders complete speciation of individual hydrocarbons impossible for the gasoline distillation range, and methods are used that identify the hydrocarbon types as chemical groups rather than as individual constituents. 

Reaction of (C2-C5) olefins over H-ZSM-5 zeolite produces aromatic gasoline range hydrocarbons up to approximately Cjq (ref. 3). However, at increased pressure and moderate temperatures distillate range hydrocarbons are formed (ref. 4-7). 

A refined petroleum distillate intermediate in volatility between gasoline and gas oil. Its distillation range generally falls within the limits of 150 and 300°C. Its main uses are as a jet engine fuel, an illuminant, for heating purposes and as a fuel for certain types of internal combustion engines. 

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES colorless, mobile liquid odor-like gasoline and kerosene has a fast evaporation rate and a narrow distillation range does not solidify in the cold miscible... 

The pressure used in producing gas wells often ranges from 690— 10,300 kPa (100—1500 psi). The temperature of the inlet gas is reduced by heat-exchange cooling with the gas after the expansion. As a result of the cooling, a liquid phase of natural gas liquids that contains some of the LPG components is formed. The liquid is passed to a set of simple distillation columns in which the most volatile components are removed overhead and the residue is natural gasoline. The gas phase from the condensate flash tank is compressed and recycled to the gas producing formation. 

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