Distension Carbon dioxide

However bowel preparation should be tailored to the indication, with full or reduced cathartic preparation associated to tagging of fluids or stool. Adequate colonic distension (pneumocolon) is cru-dal for identification of colorectal polyps and differentiation between obstructive cancers and a collapsed segment. Distension is achieved by rectal air or carbon-dioxide insufflation, and standard scout view in lateral and anterior-posterior projections are acquired to verify the distension of the entire colon. The intravenous administration of a muscle rdaxant, to reduce large bowel movement and... 

As alternative method to MR in exploring the urinary tract, some experiences with CT pneumocystoscopy have been proposed for evaluating the urinary bladder after air or carbon-dioxide distension through a Foley catheter (Regine et al. 2003 Song et al. 2001). 

Automated insufflation devices are now widely utilised across Europe and the US, despite the additional equipment costs. Advocates suggest that insufflating carbon dioxide at controlled flow rates and pressures is convenient for the operator, and improves distension and patient compliance. 

Burling D, Taylor SA, Halligan S et al. (2005) Automated colonic insufflation for Multi-Detector Row CT colonography distension and patient experience in comparison to manual carbon dioxide insufflation. AJR (in press)... 

The other major breakdown products of carbohydrate fermentation are hydrogen, methane, and carbon dioxide, which together comprise flatus gas. Excess gas production can cause distension and pain in some individuals, especially if they attempt to increase their fiber consumption too abruptly. In most cases, however, extreme flatus is probably caused more by fermentation of oligosaccharides such as stachyose and verbascose, which are fovmd principally in legume seeds, rather than the cell wall polysaccharides themselves. 

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