Bowel preparation

Bowel preparation before colorectal surgery H. pylori infection... 

Rifaximin (200 mg thrice daily) or placebo were given in a double-blind, double-dummy fashion for 3 consecutive days in addition to mechanical bowel preparation, which can account for the decrease, albeit not significant, of anaerobic flora in the placebo group. 

Bucher P, Mermillod B, Morel P, Soravia C Does mechanical bowel preparation have a role in preventing postoperative complications in elective colorectal surgery Swiss Med Wkly 2004 134 69-74. 

Nichols RL, Choe EU, Weldon CB Mechanical and antibacterial bowel preparation in colon and rectal surgery. Chemotherapy 2005 51(suppl 1) 115—121. 

Bartlett JG, Condon RE, Gorbach SL, Clarke JS, Nichols RL, Ochi S Veterans Administration Cooperative Study on Bowel Preparation for Elective Colorectal Operations Impact of oral antibiotic regimen on colonic flora, wound irrigation cultures and bacteriology of septic complications. Ann Surg 1978,188 249-254. 

Mechanical and Antibacterial Bowel Preparation in Colon and Rectal Surgery... 

Table 1. Alternate approaches to bowel preparation in patients undergoing elective resection of the large bowel... 

Preoperative mechanical bowel preparation polyethylene glycol-electrolyte solution lavage - 4 liters p.o. over 3-4 h starting at 6.00 a.m. on the day prior to surgery sodium phosphate1 prep of 45 ml p.o. at 6.00 p.m. 2 days prior to surgery and 6.00 a.m. the day prior to surgery... 

Sodium phosphate is contraindicated as an oral mechanical bowel preparation in patients with renal or cardiac disease [8]. ... 

Table 2. Most commonly used oral and parenteral antibiotics for preoperative bowel preparations before elective colon and rectal surgery in a North American survey [4]... 

The clinical conditions that most often necessitate emergency colonic operations are acute hemorrhage, perforation, ischemia, obstruction and trauma. In these circumstances, the operation must be performed without any bowel preparation because oral antibiotic prophylaxis and mechanical cleansing are either impossible or potentially harmful. 

Table 3. Antimicrobial and mechanical bowel preparation in patients with partially obstructing intestinal lesions...

Preoperative mechanical bowel preparation fractional doses of sodium phosphate on days 3 and 2 prior to surgery... 

Preoperative mechanical bowel preparation none with the possible exception of an enema to cleanse the distal rectum... 

Preoperative oral antibiotic bowel preparation none... 

N ichols R L, Smith JW, Garcia R Y, Walterman RS, Holmes JWC Current practices of preoperative bowel preparation among North American colorectal surgeons. Clin Infect Dis 1997 24 609-619. 

Lindsey JT, Smith JW, McClugage SG, Nichols RL Effects of commonly used bowel preparations on the large bowel mucosal-associated and luminal microflora in the rat model. Dis Colon Rectum 1990,33 554-560. 

Tan HL, Liew QY, Loo S, Hawkins R Severe hyperphosphatemia and associated electrolyte and metabolic derangement following the administration of sodium phosphate for bowel preparation. Anaesthesia 2002 57 478-483. 

Zmora O, Pikarsky AJ, Wexner SD Bowel preparation for colorectal surgery. Dis Colon Rectum 2001 44 1537-1549. 

Solla JA, Rothenberger DA Preoperative bowel preparation A survey of colon and rectal surgeons. Dis Colon Rectum 1990 333 154-159. 

Platell C, Hall J What is the role of mechanical bowel preparation in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Dis Colon Rectum 1998 41 875-882. 

Miettinen RP, Laitinen ST, Markela JT, Paak-konen ME Bowel preparation with oral polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution vs. no preparation in elective open colorectal surgery Prospective, randomized study. Dis Colon Rectum 2000 43 669-675. 

Brownson P, Jenkins SA, Nott D, Ellenbogen S Mechanical bowel preparation before colorectal surgery Results of a prospective randomized trial. Br J Surg 1992 79 461-462. 

Irving AD, Scrimegour D Mechanical bowel preparation for colonic resection and anasta-moses. Br J Surg 1987 74 580-581. 

Santos JCM, Batista J, Sirimarco MT, Guima-racs AS, Levy CE Prospective randomized trial of mechanical bowel preparation in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. Br J Surg 1994 81 1673-1676. 

Jansen JO, Kelly TJ, Krukowski ZN, Keenan RA Right hemicolectomy Mechanical bowel preparation is not required. J R Coll Surg Edinb 2002 47 557-560. 

Van Geldere D, Fa-Si-Oen P, Noach LA, Rie-tra PJ, Peterse JL, Boom RP Complications after colorectal surgery without mechanical bowel preparation. J Am Coll Surg 2002 194 40-47. 

Matheson DM, Arabi Y, Baxter-Smith D, Alex-ander-Williams J, Keighley MR Randomized multicentre trial of oral bowel preparation and antimicrobials for elective colorectal operations. Br J Surg 1978 65 597-600. 

Nichols RL, Condon RE, DiSanto AR Preoperative bowel preparation. Erythromycin base serum and fecal levels following oral administration. Arch Surg 1977 112 1493—1496. 

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