Display manufacturing capability

For a characterization of materials with a low mechanical resistance and for routine measurements in industrial production, it would be of great importance to have a method which allows a contact-less, non-destmctive measurement of the resistance. One of the more recently developed techniques that is capable of such non-contact resistance measurement is the eddy current technique (Kraftmakher, 2000 Schroeder, 1998), which is mainly used in the semiconductor industry for wafer characterization (ASTM, 1996b) and is only recently entering display manufacturing as well (ASTM, 2002c). The technique is based on the effect that the quahty factor of a resonant circuit is reduced when a conducting... 

Low rate flat or coin cells are manufactured with rated capacities from 32 to 1000 mAh with energy densities of 100-250 Wh/kg (400-750 Wh/ dm3), They are used for watches, calculators and cameras, and are capable of supplying occasional short high current pulses, e.g. to illuminate a miniature tungsten bulb in order to enable the time to be read at night on a travelling clock with an LCD display. Fig. 4.22 shows the behaviour of a cell under such a load. 

Monomer conversion has traditionally been determined gravitimetrically by drying emulsion samples to constant weight. The procedure is slow, requiring several hours for analysis, and precludes automated data acquisition. A new method has been developed based on the DMA-series digital densitometers manufactured by Anton Paar of Austria, and marketed in the United States by Mettier Instrument Corporation. (Very recently Dr. Kirk Abbey made us aware of his parallel work in these directions and of some initial data reported from his laboratory [1, 2]). This instrument is capable of immediate determination of the density of any test fluid, and, if equipped with a flow cell, can continuously monitor the density of a process stream. Results are displayed locally and can be transmitted digitally to a data acquisition computer. 

Step four in the interfacing operation is the use of computer software to communicate with a device and to capture the information it sends for analysis and display. This can be done at a basic level using machine language or higher programming tools such as Visual Basic, but increasingly this capability is provided by manufacturers of instraments, measurement systems, or interface boards. This relieves the user of much of the effort in interfacing devices and allows efficient and easy set up of different experiments typically done in physical chemistry laboratories. As illustration, we consider two examples of measurement approaches that can be used in a number of the experiments in this book. 

The most popular graphics systems for protein structure research are those manufactured by Evans and Sutherland and by Vector General. These employ a colour vector display system and are linked to a host computer. Manufacturers now provide their own graphic support processor capable of controlling completely the graphics system and of being interfaced to any host computer. The display systems are... 

John Fluke Manufacturing Co. 2180A -190 to +750°C 0.01°C 0.1°C 995 60-600 5-Digit LED display IEEE-488 Bus capability Available, multiprobe accessory available... 

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