Dispersing agents sorbitan esters

Typical commercial ethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters are yellow Hquids, except tristearates and the 4- and 5-mol ethylene oxide adducts which are light tan soHds. These adducts, as well as the 20-mol adducts of the triesters, are insoluble but dispersible in water. The monoester 20-mol adducts are water soluble. Ethoxylated sorbitan esters are widely used as emulsifiers, antistatic agents, softeners, fiber lubricants, and solubilizers. In combination with the unethoxylated sorbitan esters or with mono- or diglycetides, these are often used as co-emulsrfiers. The ethoxylated sorbitan esters are produced by beating sorbitan esters with ethylene oxide at 130—170°C in the presence of alkaline catalysts. 

Sorbitan monoesters are partial esters of sorbitol with fatty acids (monolaurate in this case). They have a molecular weight of between 346 and 964. Sorbitan monolaurate is widely used in cosmetics, the food industry and pharmaceutical preparations. Sorbitan monoesters are non-ionic surfactants, dissolving and dispersing agents. One of the problems of using sorbitan monoesters is that in the presence of strong acids (like TCA) they tend to form soaps that have no power to attack the skin. This is partly why TCA adjuvanted with sorbitan monolaurate is less aggressive for the skin. 

Crillet. [Croda Inc. Croda Chem. Ltd.] Ethoxylated sorbitan esters solubilizer, emulsifier, dispersant, wetting agent fw cosmetics, foods, household prods., agrk., me working, paints, inks, [riiar-maceuticals, textiles. 

G>. [ICI Spec. Chem.] Ethoxylated esters or sorbitan esters, or fatty amines emulsifier, antistat, lubricant, softener, dispersant, wetting agent for textiles. 

T-Maz . [PTO/Specialty Chem.] Etbox-ylated sorbitan esters emulsifier, solubilizer, wetting agent, antistat, stabilizer, dispersant, vise, modifier, suspending i ent used in the food, cosmetic, drug, textile and metalworking industries. 

DeSonic . [Witco/Organics] Etiioxy-lated alcdiol and alkyl phenyl ethers, sorbitan and ethoxylated sorbitan esters defoamor, deteigent, emulsifier, wetting agent, dispersant for textile, paper, agric., polishes, metal cleaning, detergents. 

Sorbitan esters of fatty acids are well known as biodegradable water-in-oil emulsifiers which are particularly mild to the skin. They are used, inter alia, as emulsifiers for pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations, as pigment dispersants in coatings and inks and as emulsifier for mineral oils and white oils in defoamer, synthetic lubricant and metal treatment formulations. Sorbitan monolaurate is employed as an antifogging agent for synthetic resin films and sorbitan monostearate and sorbitan mononooleate as emulsifier for inverse emulsion polymerization. 

Waxes, sueh as camauba and ->candelilla, which impart high gloss, especially to wood floors - turpentine is frequently used as the solvent of choice, especially because of its clean, typical p.-odor - fatty acids are reacted with basic nigrosine dyes in dispersions for shoe p. The in situ produced salts of - fatty acids with ammonia and morpholine are emulsifiers for p. offered in emulsion form. Other emulsifiers, such as ->sorbitan esters of fatty acids are, applied frequently. Small amounts of nonionic or anionic - surfactants are used in some p. as leveling agent. 

Alkamuls . [Rhone-Poulenc Surf.] Ethoxylated, sorbitan, or glycol esters w/o emulsifier, dispersant, defoamer, coemulsifier, coupling agent, solubilizer, thickener, lubricant, opacifier, pearlescent, wetting agent, antistat in metalwsking and textile oils, pesticides, cosmetics as paper softener. 

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