Disintegration oral solids

Glyceryl palmitostearate is used in oral solid-dosage pharmaceutical formulations as a lubricant. Disintegration times increase and tablet strength decreases with increase in mixing time. 

Low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose is widely used in oral solid-dosage forms. It is primarily used in tableting as a disintegrant, and as a binder in wet granulation. It has been used in the preparation of rapidly disintegrating tablets produced by direct compression methods. In addition, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose has been used to delay the release of drug from a tablet matrix. ... 

Starch is used as an excipient primarily in oral solid-dosage formulations where it is utilized as a binder, diluent, and disintegrant. 

Disintegration into fine particles is the first process that occurs when a drug is administered as a solid oral dosage form. The effectiveness of a tablet or solid dosage form in releasing the drug depends on the rate of disintegration. Dissolution rate is the rate at which the solid fine particles dissolve in a solvent. 

Excipients are sub-divided into various functional classifications, depending on the role that they are intended to play in the resultant formulation, for example, fillers, disintegrants, binders, lubricants and glidants. An added complexity is the fact that certain excipients can have different functional roles in different formulation types. Thus, lactose is widely used as a filler or diluent in solid oral dosage forms, for example, tablets and capsules [2] and as a carrier for inhalation products [3]. 

Lubrication is an important unit operation in manufacturing solid oral dosage forms, particularly when using a direct compression platform. Pharmaceutical lubricants can have a significant impact on product performance (e.g., disintegration and dissolution) as well as manufacturability. Lubrication is one of the most critical aspects of a tablet formulation. A lubricant is intended to reduce the friction between the tablet surface and die wall during and after compaction to enable easy ejection of the tablet. In low-dose dmg product development, three issues are associated with lubricating a direct compression formulation ... 

Microcrystalline cellulose - mainly used as a binder or diluent in solid oral dose formulations. It also has lubricant and disintegrant properties which make it a useful excipient in tablet manufacture. 

Chitin as a tablet/capsule disintegrant [48] Chitin is well known as a disintegrant in pharmaceutical solid dosage formulations in tablets to facilitate their breakup or disintegration after oral administration. Chitin, as a disintegrant, can be used at the 2-20% (w/w) level. 

The slowest step in a kinetic process is the rate-limiting step. Except for controlled release products, disintegration of a solid oral drug product is usually... 

MANUFACTURING PROCESSES FOR ORALLY DISINTEGRATING SOLID DOSAGE FORMS... 

---