Dinitrotoluene DNT

In a relatively recent example, total depletion of 5 x 10-6 M nitrobenzene (NB) and 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT), model compounds of nitroaromatic hydrocarbons, could be accomplished with ozone in 10 and 40 min respectively at neutral or weakly basic pH. The rate constants of the direct reaction between ozone and NB or DNT are very low, indicating that the process develops in these cases more through hydroxyl radicals than through the direct reaction [40]. 

Dinitromethylbenzene 2,6-Dinitrotoluene 2,6-DNT EINECS 210-106-0 HSDB 2931 2-Methyl-1,3-dinitrobenzene RCRA waste number U106 Toluene, 2,5-dini(ro-. Rhombic needles mp = 66° d n 1.2833 Xm = 233 nm (c = 9670, MeOH) soluble in EtOH, CHCI3. 

SYNONYMS l-methyl-2,4-dinitrobenzene, benzene, 2-methyl-1,3-dinitro-, dichloro-4-hydroxybenzene(l,3-), dintro-toluene(2,4-), dinitrotoluene(2,6-), DNT(2,4-) dinitrotoluol... 

Figure 15.14 Separation of explosives exnacted from water by using SPE-SFE-GC at several SEE trapping temperatures, peak identification is as follows NG, nitroglycerin 2,6-DNT, 2,6-dinitrotoluene 2,4-DNT, 2,4-dinitrotoluene TNT, triniti otoluene IS, 1,3-tiichloroben-zene. Adapted Journal of High Resolution Chromatography, 16, G. C. Slack et al., Coupled solid phase extraction supercritical fluid extraction-on-line gas cliromatography of explosives from water , pp. 473-478, 1993, with permission from Wiley-VCH.

During World War II, copious quantities of ordnance were lost into the harbor at Halifax, Nova Scotia. Decades later, these UUXO now present a significant environmental contamination problem. Studies conducted on this ordnance by Sandia National Laboratories [1] suggest that there may be sufficient concentrations of explosive chemical signature compounds emanating from UUXO to enable detection with chemical sensors. Some UUXO in Halifax Harbor have been shown to produce parts-per-billion levels of explosives in the water near the ordnance. In addition to the parent explosive compound (TNT), other explosive-related compounds such as 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) were detected, as were degradation products of TNT such as 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-ADNT), and... 

Stock solutions (1000 mg/L in acetonitrile) of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB), 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), and 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-Am-2,6-DNT) (Supelco). Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium borate 10-hydrate. Standard solutions of the various explosives should be prepared daily (using the proper safety precautions) in an SDS-containing electrophoresis buffer. Platinum and silver wires, 0.1mm diameter. 

Fig. 16. Gas chromatography-differential mobility spectrometry (GC-(DMS) topographic plot [retention time (v-axis), compensation voltage (y-axis), intensity (z-axis)] of a mixture of seven explosives (lOOng in acetonitrile) hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD), ethylene glycol dinitrate (EGDN), triacetone triperoxide (TATP), 2-mononitrotoluene (2-MNT), 4-MNT, 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT).

Fig. 18. Overlay of plots from DMS-IMS2 response to several nitrotoluenes [2-mononitrotoluene (2-MNT), 3-MNT, 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), 3,4-DNT, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)] in positive polarity (left). A reactant ion peak (RIP) is seen at 6.5 V and 1.9 ms, whereas protonated monomers are seen near 3 V and 2.2ms, and proton-bound dimers are at 0V and 3.5ms. TNT does not show a response in positive polarity. Overlay of plots from DMS-IMS2 response to several nitrotoluenes (cf. list in positive polarity) in negative polarity (right). A RIN is seen at 7 V and 1.8 ms, whereas molecular adducts or charge-exchanged ions are seen at 0.5 V and 2.5 ms. MNTs do not show a response in negative polarity. Source Neil D. Paz, NMSU...

Table 7.2 shows how frequently various nitroaromaticss and nitramines occur at explosives-contaminated sites with which die U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) and the Missouri River Division (MRD) have been involved. TNT is the most common contaminant, occurring in approximately 80% of the soil samples found to be contaminated with explosives. Trinitrobenzene (TNB), which is a photochemical decomposition product of TNT, was found in between 40 and 50% of these soils. Dinitrobenzene (DNB), 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), and 2,6-DNT, which are impurities in production-grade TNT, were found in less than 40% of the soils. Figure 7.2 shows the chemical structures of common explosive contaminants. 

There has been considerable interest in the reductive transformation of the polynitroaromatics, 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in anaerobic environments. These chemicals are high volume munitions, which because of their improper disposal and storage, have contaminated soils and aquifers at numerous sites (Kaplan and Kaplan, 1982). Enhancing the reduction of these contaminants in situ using abiotic and biotic processes has been proposed as a remediation technique for contaminated soils and sediments (Kaplan, 1990 Ou et al., 1992). The reduction of TNT and DNT, as well as other polynitroaromatics, has been studied in some detail in anaerobic microbial enzyme systems (McCormick et al.,... 

Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is the most important nitroaromatic explosive. Other examples are 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), 2,6-DNT, 1,3,5-trinitroben-zene (TNB), and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (picric acid). Common nitrate ester expio-sives are glycerin trinitrate (nitroglycerin, NG), ethyiene glycol dinitrate (ni-... 

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