7,12-Dimethylbenz anthracene glands

Evarts RP, Brown CA Atta GJ The effects of hydroxylamine on the morphology of the rat mammary gland and on the induction of mammary tumors by 7,12-dimethylbenz( )anthracene. Exp Mol Pathol 30 337-348, 1979... 

For example, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene is a particularly potent carcinogen for the mammary gland of young female Sprague-Dawley rats after oral or intravenous administration (25,26), dietary benzo[a]pyrene leads to leukemia, lung adenoma and stomach tumors in mice (27), and either of these hydrocarbons can induce hepatomas in male mice when injected on the first day of life (28). Nevertheless, the mouse skin system has proved to be particularly valuable because of the rapidity of tumor induction, the ease of detection of tumors and because the multi-stage nature of the carcinogenic process was experimentally established in this system. 

Cavalieri EL, Higginbotham S, Ramakrishna N VS, et al. 1991. Comparative dose-response tumorigenicity studies of dibenzo(a)pyrene versus 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene and two dibenzo(a)pyrene dihydrodiols in mouse skin and rat mammary gland. Carcinogenesis 12(10) 1939-1944. 

Hirose, M., Hoshiya, T., Akagi, K., Futakuchi, M., and Ito, N., Inhibition of mammary gland carcinogenesis by green tea catechins and other naturally occurring antioxidants in female Sprague-Dawley rats pretreated with 7,12, dimethylbenz(a)anthracene. Cancer Lett., 83,149-... 

Stanton et al. (22) demonstrated that it is possible to modulate the milk CLA content by manipulating the cow s dietary PUFA intake. Recently, Bauman et al. (23) developed a CLA-enriched butter containing 8 times more CLA (4 vs. 0.5%) and 4 times more vaccenic acid (17 vs. 4%) than the control. In one study, rats were fed this CLA-enriched butter during the development period of the pubescent mammary gland and then switched to a control diet after administration of a carcinogen (either dimethylbenz[a] anthracene or A-methyl-A-nitrosourea). This treatment yielded a 50% reduction in mammary tumors (24). 

Aylsworth, C.F. (1986) Influence of Dietary Retinyl Acetate on Normal Rat Mammary Gland Development and on the Enhancement of 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene-Induced Rat Mammary Tumorigenesis by High Levels of Dietary Fat, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 76, 339-345. 

Rogers AE, Hafer LJ, Iskander YS, Yang S (1998) Black tea and mammary gland carcinogenesis by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in rats fed control or high fat diets. Carcinogenesis 19 1269-1273... 

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