Dilantin

Many hydantoins are endowed with significant pharmacological activities as highlighted by 5,5-diphenylhydantoin (Dilantin ), an anticonvulsant and antiepileptic discovered by Parke-Davis in 1940 s. Despite the lapse of more than half a century, Dilantin still plays an important rote in modem medicine. Meanwhile, another anticonvulsant 15 was synthesized from 9,10-dimethoxy-l,3,4,6,7,llb-hexahydro-pyrido[2,l-a]isoquinolin-2-one (14) under the standard Bucherer-Lieb variation in a 2 1 water-ethanol solution (15a 15b = 8 l). ... 

Aleviatin (Dainippon) Hydantol (Fujinaga) Dilantin (Parke Davis as sodium salt)... 

Toxicological problems among infants are relatively common. For example, it is now routine to follow the course of changes in Dilantin levels of patients who are being treated for various convulsive disorders (12). It is also important to be able to detect and assay for other drugs that are used in the newborn, such as various other anticonvulsants, salicylates, and a host of others. 

Causes of hypocalcemia include hypoparathyroidism, hypomagnesemia, alcoholism, hyperphosphatemia, blood product infusion (due to chelation by the citrate buffers), chronic renal failure, vitamin D deficiency, acute pancreatitis, alkalosis, and hypoalbuminemia. Medications that cause hypocalcemia include phosphate replacement products, loop diuretics, phenytoin (Dilantin, available as generic), pheno-barbital (available as generic), corticosteroids, aminoglycoside antibiotics, and acetazolamide (available as generic).34,39,42... 

Dilanacin, molecular formula and structure, 5 98t Dilantin, folic acid and, 25 803 Dilatancy, 21 717 Dilatant flow, 7 280t 8 728 Dilatant fluids, 11 768, 769 Dilatometers, vitreous silica in, 22 441 Dilatometric techniques, 13 436... 

Johnston, M.C., Sulik, K.K. and Dudley, K.H. (1979). Genetic and metabolic studies of the differential sensitivity of A/J and C57BL/6J mice to phenytoin ( Dilantin )-induced cleft lip. Teratology 19 33 A. 

Diisopropyiethane, see 2,3,4-Trimethyipentane Diisopropyimethane, see 2,4-Dimethyipentane Diisopropyi oxide, see Isopropyi ether Diketone alcohol, see Diacetone alcohol Dilantin DB, see 1,2-DichIorobenzene... 

Anticonvulsdnts. An early observation that BN patients may have abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG) resnlts led to specnlation that binge eating may represent an atypical behavioral presentation of seiznre activity. Thus, the first controlled medication study for the treatment of BN evaluated the use of the antiseizure medication phenytoin (Dilantin). Phenytoin was not found to be significantly superior to placebo, and the earlier reports of EEG abnormalities were not confirmed. The results of a subsequent trial of carbamazepine (Tegretol), an anticonvulsant that has been reported to be effective in the treatment of bipolar disorder, were also disappointing. As a result, anticonvulsants are not routinely used in the treatment of BN. 

B29. Buchanan, R. A., and Allen, R.. 7., Diphenylhydantoin (Dilantin) and pheno-barbital blood levels in epileptic children. Neurology 21, 866-871 (1971). 

Phenytoin is used primarily in the treatment of major epileptic attacks. Difhydan, alepsin, dilantin, and solantin are the primary synonyms for phenytoin. 

Phenytoin has the same main effects on the heart as lidocaine. Its use is essentially limited, and it is primarily used only as an oral replacement of lidocaine for paroxysmal tachycardia that is caused particularly by intoxication of digitahs drugs. Synonyms of this drug are dilantin and diphenylan. 

Tablets, chewable 50 mg (Rx) Dilantin Infatab (Parke-Davis)...

Phenobarbital Phenytoin (Dilantin) Tiagabine (Gabitril) Topiramate (Topamax) Valproic Acid (Depakene, Depakote) Zonisamide (Zonegran)... 

Phenytoin (Dilantin) [Anticenvulsant/Hydantoin] Uses Sz disorders Action X Sz spread in the motor cortex Dose Load Adults Peds. 15-20 mg/kg IV, 25 mg/min max or PO in 400-mg doses at 4-h intervals Maint Adults. Initial, 200 mg PO or IV bid or 300 mg hs then follow levels Peds. 4-7 mg/kg/24h PO or IV -s- daily-bid avoid PO susp (erratic absorption) Caution [D, +] Contra Heart block, sinus bradycardia Disp Caps, susp, inj SE Nystag-mus/ataxia early signs of tox gum hyperplasia w/ long-term use. IV BP, bradycardia, arrhythmias, phlebitis peripheral neuropathy, rash, blood dyscrasias, Stevens-Johnson synd Notes Levels Trough Just before next dose Therapeutic Peak 10-20 mcg/mL Toxic >20 mcg/mL phenytoin albumin bound, levels = bound free phenytoin w/ i albumin azotemia, low levels may be therapeutic (nl free levels) Interactions T Effects W/ amiodarone, allopurinol, chloramphenicol, disulfiram, INH, omeprazole, sulfonamides, quinolones, trimethoprim t... 

Pbenytoin Dilantin) Hiickened skull, coarse features... 

Phenytoin (Dilantin) was originally introduced for the control of convulsive disorders (see Chapter 32) but has now also been shown to be effective in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Phenytoin appears to be particularly effective in treating ventricular arrhythmias in children. 

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