Digital computer system software

Nowadays in commercially and govemmentaUy developed military systems digital computer systems are increasingly used for controlling tasks automatically. The software allows replacing decisions based on emotions and doubts by the human operator is often replaced in the control loop by software logic. 

There is a need to encourage the adoption of digital technology based on criteria reflecting the international experience in digital computers and software for safety systems of NPPs. 

A.806. For computer based digital protection systems, software verification and validation shall be included. 

A traditional approach to fault diagnosis in the wider application context is based on hardware i.e. physical) redundancy methods which use multiple lines of sensors, actuators, computers and software to measure and/or control a particular variable. Typically, a voting scheme is applied to the hardware redundant system to decide if and when a fault has occurred and its likely location amongst redundant system components. The use of multiple redundancy in this way is common, for example with digital fly-by-wire flight control... 

The described approach has been already applied when developing a coastal mobile hardware complex [11]. Software and hardware support of this complex comprises a database on standard documents in the radiation protection area reference databases on radiation-hazardous facihties, persotmel and equipment of emergency-rescue teams of Rosatom, digital map bank, computer systems for on-hne forecast and measurement of the radiation situation parameters, different data-exchange communication channels, etc. 

The SAR studies reported here were done using the ADAPT computer software system (35,36). ADAPT has been implemented on the Department of Chemistry MODCOMP 11/25 16-bit digital computer in FORTRAN. The fundamental steps involved in performing an SAR study using this system are shown in Figure 1. The individual steps are implemented in a series of independent programs that can be executed individually. They perform the mutually supportive tasks necessary for an SAR study as follows ... 

Chapter 26. An excellent reference on the various hardware and software aspects of digital computer control systems is the series of monographs edited by D. A. Mellichamp and published by CACHE ... 

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