Epoxy curing reaction, differential scanning calorimetry

Barton, J. M. The Application of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to the Study of Epoxy Resins Curing Reactions. Vol. 72, pp. 111 — 154. 

In this Sect, we describe the starting material impurities and their effect on the processing and cure reactions of TGDDM-DDS epoxies. The cure reactions are characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies. The BF3 amine catalysts used to accelerate the cure of TGDDM-DDS epoxies are characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy studies. 

Levy, N. Analysis of an epoxy resin curing reaction by differential scanning calorimetry, in Computer Applications in Applied Polymer Science, p. 313, ACS Symp. Ser. 197, Washington D.C., Amer. Chem. Soc. 1975... 

A study has been undertaken to attempt to determine a possible mechanism for the crosslinking of an epoxy resin with phthalic anhydride using an imidazole derivative as the catalyst. In this study we have used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to measure the heat of reaction and time of curing process. 

Analysis of an Epoxy Curing Reaction by Differential Scanning Calorimetry... 

Theoretical treatment of this polymerization is difficult because of the presence of both primary and secondary amine reactions as well as tertiary amine catalyzed epoxy homopolymerization. To obtain kinetic and viscosity correlations, empirical methods were utilized. Various techniques that fully or partially characterize such a system by experimental means are described in the literature ( - ). These methods Include measuring cure by differential scanning calorimetry, infra-red spectrometry, vlsco-metry, and by monitoring electrical properties. The presence of multiple reaction mechanisms with different activation energies and reaction orders (10) makes accurate characterizations difficult, but such complexities should be quantified. A dual Arrhenius expression was adopted here for that purpose. 

Dynamic mechanical and differential scanning calorimetry experiments were used to analyze the BF catalyzed TGDDM-Novalac-DDS system. Dynamic mechanical experiments have been utilized in the past to characterize this epoxy resin (1,2,5,6,7). They have provided information concerning the viscoelastic response of the polymer as well as important morphological information. On the other hand. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) experiments provide a means for measuring extent of reaction, reaction kinetics and mechanisms of the epoxy system curing process (2). 

Calorimetric studies have depicted the impact of nanoparticles on isothermal curing of epoxy-amine system. Isothermal measurements done at 298 K using temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry are shown in Figure 9.15. The heat flow signal recorded during this measurement is directly proportional to the reaction rate of the curing process. It was foxmd that,... 

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