Diesel comparison

In Australia, Campbell et al. (2011) performed LCAfor an open-pond system. In this study, three different CO2 supplementations and two production scenarios were tested as compared to canola and ultra-low sulfur diesel. Comparisons were based on GHG emissions. They demonstrated that algae have reduced GHG emissions when the algal production facilities... 

The tendency of the color to become darker with time is often indicative of chemical degradation. The test is conducted with the aid of a colorimeter (NF T 60-104 and ASTM D 1500) and by comparison with colored glass standards. The scale varies from 0.5 to 8. The French specifications stipulate that diesel fuel color should be less than 5, which corresponds to an orange-brown tint. Generally, commercial products are light yellow with indices from 1 to 2. 

Technology Comparison Diesel Engine Gas Engine Simple Cycle Gas Turbine Micro Turbine Fuel Cell Solar Energy Photovoltic Cell Wind Bio Mass River Hydro... 

Comparisons of the Fuel Economy for Series and Parallel Hybrid Vehicles (1) Fuel economy shown lor diesel engines is gasoline equivalent... 

Redsell, M. Lucas, G. and Ashford, N. (1988). Comparison of on-road Euel Consumption for Diesel and Petrol Cars. Berkshire, Eng. Transport and Road Research Laboratoiy. 

Hinds, A. A., S. P. T. Smith, and E. K. Morton, A comparison of the performance, cost and environmental effects of diesel-based and low-toxicity oil mud Systems, SPE 11891, Offshore Europe 1983 Conference, Aberdeen, September, 1983. 

The results are very encouraging, and show that, as expected, the power consumption of the electrochemically promoted unit, which is promotional to A 1, is negligible in comparison to the Diesel engine power output (Table 12.3). This work demonstrates the great potential of electrochemical promotion for practical applications. The first fifty Dinex units were sold in 2001. 

Table 41.3 shows a performance comparison of Pt/Pd TUD-1 with a commercial Pt/Pd catalyst (26). The feedstock is a typical straight run gasoil ( SRGO ), a distillate precursor to diesel fuel. Under identical test conditions, the TUD-1 catalyst achieved 75% aromatics saturation versus 50% for the same volume of commercial catalyst. This superior result is particularly interesting because the TUD-1 catalyst had a much lower density than the commercial material, so that less catalyst by weight was required in the reactor. 

Figure 4. Comparison of GHG emissions from shale gas and conventional natural gas with low and high estimates of fugitive methane emissions, surface-mined coal, deep-mined coal, and diesel oil time horizon equal to 100 years [27]...

Comparison of Toxicity of Diesel Soot and Carbon Black... 

For comparison, gasoline and diesel from non-conventional oil (here, oil sands) would result in 170 to 190 g/km (gasoline) and 150 to 170 g/km (diesel fuel) based on data from ACR (2004) and Soderbergh et al. (2006). 

A comparison of the thermal efficiency of the Diesel cycle with that of the Otto cycle shows that the two thermal cycle efficiencies differ by the quantity in the brackets of Eq. (3.23). This bracket factor is always larger than one, hence the Diesel cycle efficiency is always less than the Otto cycle efficiency operating at the same compression ratio. 

Gallagher J, George M, Kohan M, et al. 1993. Detection and comparison of DNA adducts after in vitro and in vivo diesel emission exposures. Environmental Health Perspectives 99 225-228. 

TABLE 1 Vendor-Supplied Cost Comparison on Spill Cleanup of Diesel Fuel"... 

TABLE 2 Vendor-Supplied Diesel Fuel Cost Comparison... 

Since the introduction of low-sulfur diesel fuel, much study has been completed to determine the lubricity properties of this fuel. Comparison of low-sulfur diesel with high-sulfur diesel has clearly revealed that fuel sulfur has a dramatic impact on the ability of fuel to provide a higher level of lubricity performance. A comparison of the lubricity performance of a typical high-sulfur diesel low-sulfur diesel and low-aromatic, low-sulfur diesel is shown in FIGURE 5-3. 

FIGURE 5-3. Comparison of the Lubricity Performance of Typical High-Sulfur Diesel Low-Sulfur Diesel and Low-Aromatic, Low-Sulfur Diesel Fuel... 

If a diesel fuel is reported to have a lower than expected cetane number, the first place to look for an explanation would be the total aromatic content of the fuel. A comparison of the approximate cetane number of various pure hydrocarbons is provided in TABLE 5-2. 

TABLE 12-11. Comparison of Exhaust Emissions from Methanol Diesel and Conventional Diesel Engines... 

TABLE 10.21 Direct Mutagenicities of Two Nitroazabenzo[a]pyrenes, Their N-Oxide Derivatives,u and 3,6-Dinitrobenzo[a]pyrenec Detected in Ambient and Diesel Particulate Matter15 and, for Comparison, l- and 3-Nitrobenzotalpyrene... 

Lofroth, G., Comparison of the Mutagenic Activity in Carbon Particulate Matter and in Diesel and Gasoline Engine Exhaust, in Short-Term Bioassays in the Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures, II (M. D. Waters, S. Sandhu, J. Lewtas-Huisingh,... 

K. Gragg, Chemical and Biological Characterization of Particulate-, Semi-volatile-, and Gas-Phase-Associated Compounds in Diluted Heavy-Duty Diesel Exhausts A Comparison of Three Different Semi-volatile-Phase Samplers, Environ. Sci. Technol., 25, 332-338 (1991). 

Wang, W. G., N. N. Clark, D. W. Lyons, R. M. Yang, M. Gautani, R. M. Bata, and J. L. Loth, Emissions Comparisons from Alternative Fuel Buses and Diesel Buses with a Chassis Dynamometer Testing Facility, Environ. Sci. Technol, 31, 3132-3137 (1997). 

---