Dicot wood

Wood nettle Urtica divarication (L.) Dicot, angiosperm... 

Our m.ajor food, fiber, wood and ornamental plants belong to two main classes - the gymnosperms, represented mainly by the narrow-leaved, evergreen trees and angiosperms, usually broad-leaved, flowering plants. Angiosperms are divided into two subclasses the monocotyledons, which have an embryo with one cotyledon, and the dicotyledons, which have an embryo with two cotyledons. Dicots or C3 plants have different photosynthetic pathways as contrasted with monocots or C4 plants. We are utilizing a common monocot, corn, and two dicots, bean and hibiscus. 

Conventionally, woody trees were broadly classified as softwood or gymnosperm and hardwood or angiosperm. Hardwood comes from angiosperms, such as oak, eucalyptus, and alder, which are dicots (Octave and Thomas, 2009). Softwood usually comes from evergreen conifer trees like pine or spruce. Other classifications of forest-based plants are broad-leaved trees and pine-leaved trees. Almost 46% of biorefinery prefers raw materials from conifer species, mainly spruce, pine, etc., and 31% of broad-leaves such as eucalyptus. Mostly stem wood is preferred as a suitable feedstock for the biorefinery process. Approximately 8% of the known biorefinery processes utilize all parts of the tree (Fitzpatrick et al., 2010). Thus the consensus in the biorefinery industry is that the feedstock selection should be based on the main constituents of the wood (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) and not on specific chemicals (glucose, xylose, etc.) generally considered in conventional fermentation processes. 

Arabinogalactans have been isolated from the tissues of a variety of dicots. However, no arabinogalactan has been isolated from a source known to contain only primary cell walls. The glycosyl compositions of the arabinogalactans isolated from rapeseed cotyledons, rapeseed flour, larch wood, maple sap, the medium of suspension-cultured tobacco cells, the medium of suspension-cultured sycamore cells, and from soybean cotyledons are summarized in Table 2. 

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