Diarrhea giardiasis

How would you differentiate giardiasis from possible Escherichia co//-induced diarrhea ... 

Giardia (causing giardiasis—cramps, diarrhea, nausea)... 

Bacitracin zinc has been used for giardiasis (12), in which it appears effective. In the doses used, adverse effects have been limited to nausea, abdominal discomfort, and diarrhea in a small number of patients. Similar effects have been noted when zinc gluconate lozenges were administered for the common cold (13). 

This is pathogenic flagellate which usually inhabits the duodenum and upper jejunum but may also be found in the gall bladder. The parasite occurs both in the trophozoite and encysted forms. The infection is acquired by consuming food or drink contaminated with cysts and, therefore, it is more prevalent in children than the adults. The clinical manifestations of the disease may include epigastric pain, nausea, flatulence and diarrhea. Acute giardiasis may be associated with steatorrhea and weight loss [49]. 

Nitazoxanide (Alinia)IOO mg/5 mL suspension Cryptosporid iosis Giardiasis Abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, and headache Rarely may produce yellow sclerae 59, 63... 

Giardiasis Metronidazole Back-packer s diarrhea from contaminated water or food... 

Answer C. In amebic dysentery caused by Entamoeba histolytica and GI infections with diarrhea ( back-packer s diarrhea ) due to Giardia lamblia, metronidazole is the drug of choice. Diloxanide is a backup drug for noninvasive intestinal amebiasis, but it has minimal activity in giardial infections. Quinacrine has effectiveness in giardiasis but not amebiasis. TMP-SMX has antiprotozoal effectiveness in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Ciprofloxacin is devoid of antiprotozoal activity. 

Following a back-packing trip in the mountains, a 24-year-old man develops diarrhea. He acknowledges drinking stream water without purification and you suspect he is showing symptoms of giardiasis. Since you know that laboratory detection of cysts or trophozoites in the feces can be difficult, you decide to treat the patient empirically with... 

Nitazoxanide (NTZ) has been approved as an orphan drug for the treatment of diarrhea in children (age, 1-11 years) and is associated with giardiasis, but it also is approved for diarrhea caused by crytosporidiosis in patients with AIDS. Crytosporidiosis is a protozoal infection caused by Cryptosporidium parvum. The condition is uncommon in healthy individuals but can be life-threatening in immunosuppressed patients and those with HIV infections. 

Giardiasis Protozoan Giardia lamblid) Mild to severe diarrhea, nausea, indigestion, flatulence... 

Giardiasis parvum Giardia lamblia Diarrhea, abdominal discomfort animal manure Untreated water, water from... 

Diarrhea—Bacteria, viruses, or parasites can cause diarrhea, which depletes the body of nutrients and fluids. Loose watery stools are accompanied by nausea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting. Oral rehydration treatment acts to replenish fluid loss and rectify electrolyte imbalances. Different types of diarrhea include travelers diarrhea, normally caused by Escherichia coli bacterial dysentery (shigellosis), an acute bacterial infection of the large intestine amoebic dysentery, where cysts of infecting organisms are transmitted through food and water and giardiasis, caused by parasites that infect the small intestine. 

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