Fatty diarrhea, effect

Non-enteric-coated pancreatic enzyme supplements can be used for initial therapy. The relative dose of amylase, lipase, and protease may be increased until control of pain and fatty diarrhea is achieved or the patient experiences intolerable side effects. If pain and diarrhea control are achieved, the patient can be transitioned to an enteric-coated supplement to maximize compliance. A reasonable example starting regimen is Viokase-8, six tablets with each meal and at bedtime, given with famotidine 20 mg at bedtime. 

The safety and efficacy of orlistat have not been determined beyond 4 years of use. Minimal systemic effects exist because orlistat acts locally in the GI tract. Thus, common side effects reported include oily spotting, flatus with discharge, fecal urgency, fatty/oily stools, oily evacuation, increased defecation, and fecal incontinence.31 Other adverse events include bloating, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache.37... 

Interest in the possible connection between intake of fat and absorption of calcium was generated by the concurrent massive losses of calcium in patients with steatorrhea, fatty diarrhea (46, 47). Ordinarily, however, fat is very efficiently absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Results of several studies in human adults and children indicate little or no effect of level of dietary fat on absorption of calcium (48-54). However, influence of level of dietary fat on calcium absorption in rat studies has produced conflicting results (55-57). 

Saquinavir should be taken within 2 hours after a fatty meal for enhanced absorption. Saquinavir is 97% protein-bound, and serum half-life is approximately 2 hours. Saquinavir has a large volume of distribution, but penetration into the cerebrospinal fluid is negligible. Excretion is primarily in the feces. Reported adverse effects include gastrointestinal discomfort (nausea, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, dyspepsia) and rhinitis. When administered in combination with low-dose ritonavir, there appears to be less dyslipidemia or gastrointestinal toxicity than with some of the other boosted PI regimens. 

Prominent adverse effects include flatulence, diarrhea, and abdominal pain and result from the appearance of undigested carbohydrate in the colon that is then fermented into short-chain fatty... 

Short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, are a preferred source of energy for the colonic epithelium. There is evidence to suggest that butyrate enemas are effective in the treatment of ulcerative cohtis. The seeds of Plantago ovata (a source of fermentable dietary fiber) increase fecal concentrations of butyrate and acetate. In a randomized, open, parallel-group, multicenter study in 105 patients with ulcerative cohtis, P. ovata seeds 10 mg bd were as effective as mesalazine 500 mg tds in maintaining remission over 12 months (10). Adverse effects were similar in the two groups, and included constipation, flatulence, nausea, and diarrhea. 

Fish oil supplements (SEDA-13, 460) (SEDA-18, 3), rich in long-chain polyunsaturated ( -3 fatty acids (eicosa-pentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid), can reduce plasma concentrations of triglycerides and VLDL cholesterol, reduce platelet aggregation, prolong bleeding time, reduce blood pressure, increase the fluidity of the blood, and affect leukotriene production. Reported adverse effects include fullness and epigastric discomfort, diarrhea, and a fishy taste after belching. In addition to these mild symptoms, certain areas have been identified in which problems of a more serious nature could arise ... 

Several orlistat and sibutramlne weight-loss studies have been performed to date. Compared with placebo, orlistat-treated patients lose about 3 kg and patients on sibutramlne lose about 4 kg. Orlistat causes gastrointestinal side-effects (e.g. diarrhea, and frequent and fatty stools) and sibutramlne is usually associated with small increases in blood pressure and pulse rate. - ... 

It has been shown that bifidobacteria and lactobacillus protect infants from pathogenic intestinal microorganisms and therby decrease the incidence of infantile diarrhea (Yoshioka et al. 1983 Huang et al. 2002). They are associated with a higher production of short-chain fatty acids (acetic and lactic acids), which are a source of energy for colonocytes. Furthermore, strains of bifidobacteria and lactobacillus influence gut maturation processes in infants and have anti-inflammatory effects (Hedin et al. 2007). Specific components of the intestinal microflora, including Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria, are beneficial for the host, such as... 

Dopamine reeeptor agonists Bromoeriptine Aetivation of hypothalamic-pitu-itaiy-adrenal axis No effects on free fatty acids levels or hepatic glucose production Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps and depression... 

TOXICITY. No toxic effects have been observed. However, oral pharmacologic doses of up to 20 g per day of choline chloride used for periods of several weeks in the treatment of fatty liver, alcoholism, and kweishiorkor have caused some patients to experience dizziness, nausea, and diarrhea. 

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