Diamino-dicarboxylic acid

There appear to be two pathways for the biosynthesis of lysine among microorganisms. In E. coli there is strong evidence that the diamino dicarboxylic acid, a,e-diaminopimelic acid, is a precursor of lysine. Diaminopimelic acid has been isolated from bacteria - and found to be decarboxylated by a specific decarboxylase occurring in wild-type E. coli. This enzyme has been found to be constitutive rather than adaptive, and it is absent from certain of the lysine auxotrophs. "... 

Cystine (di-[o -amino-/8-mercaptopropionic acid]). Being a diamino-dicarboxylic acid, cystine may be attached to two different peptide chains at the same time, or to the same chain at widely separated places such S—S linkages occur in many proteins. 

Benzene-1,2-diamine or derivatives are generally employed as the diamino component in ring-closure reactions with 1,2-dicarboxylic acids or derivatives (Table 2). 

Figure 6-11. 1 -H-Benzotriazole, 2,5-bis(N-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, cyclohexylammonium benzoate, benzylsulfonylacetic acid, 2,4-diamino-6-mercapto pyrimidine, hydroxamic acid, 3-phenyl-2-propyn-1-ol, dicyclopentadiene dicarboxylic acid.

Carboplatin Carboplatin, cw-diamino-(l,l-cyclobutandicarboxylate)platinum(II), is made from cisplatin by reacting it with a solution of silver nitrate, and then with cyclobu-tan-l,l-dicarboxylic acid to form the desired carboplatin (30.2.5.2) [78,79]. 

Other bright blues are made by further reactions of l,5-diamino-4,8-dihyroxyan-thraquinone, e.g. with bromine to give Cl Disperse Blue 56, whilst the difficult area of bright turquoises is covered by the derivatives of l,4-diamino-2,3-dicarboxylic acids, e.g. Cl Disperse Blue 60 and Blue 87 (2.16). 

Methyl-3,3 -bipyridine has been oxidized by permanganate to 3,3 -bi-pyridine-4-carboxylic acid. " 3,3 -Bipyridine carboxylic acids are easily decarboxylated and have been esterified and converted to amides, hydrazides, and acylazides. The Hofmann degradation, of the diamide of 3,3 -bipyridine-2,2 -dicarboxylic acid affords the expected 2,2 -diamino-3,3 -bipyridine, but some of the tricyclic system 108 is formed as well. A 2,2 -bis(acylazide) is converted to a similar tricyclic system with ethanol via the intermediate isocyanate, and several related reactions have been described. The simultaneous dehydration... 

The last-mentioned application was the aim of a patent206 dating from 1971. 4,8-Diamino-2,6-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octanes, endo-endo as well as endo-exo isomers, were used as starting materials for polyamides. First, the diamines 129 were transformed into their salts with various dicarboxylic acids, and these were polymerized to compounds 130 containing acylated amino moieties as monomeric building blocks (see Scheme 30). 

Long-chain a,o)-dicarboxylic acids have been condensed with diamino-isohexides, forming linear polyamides suitable for producing fibers having a silklike texture and higher moisture-absorption properties than nylon-like polymers.206... 

The same group also developed optically active dendronized polymeric BINAP ligands (see also Sect. 5) as a new type of macromolecular chiral catalyst for asymmetric hydrogenation. They could be synthesized by condensation of 5,5 -diamino-BINAP with dendritic dicarboxylic acid monomers (Scheme 5) [44],... 

The world-wide production of PA (excluding fibers) in 1997 was 1.6x10 t, with a 75 % use of casting processed materials. For food contact articles the following can be used as starting materials straight chain u -amino acids (C6-C12) and their lactams adipic acids, azelaic acids, sebacic acids, dodecane dicarboxylic acids and heptadecane-dicarboxylic acids salts with hexamethylenediamine isophthalic acid, bis(4-aminocy-clohexyl)-methane, 2,2-bis(4 -aminocyclohexyl)-propane, 3,3 -dimethyl-4,4 -diamino-dicyclohexyl-methane, terephthalic acid or its methylester, l,6-diamino-2,2,4-tri-methylhexane, 1,6-diamino-2,4,4-trimethylhexane, l-amino-3-amino-methyl-3,5,5-tri-methylhexane. 

Many other [c]-fused pyridazines have been prepared similarly. The condensation of a pyridazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid derivatives 413 with hydrazine gives rise to 8-hydrazinopyridazino[4,5-c]pyridazines 414 (Scheme 215) <2001S1861, 2004JHC647, CHEC-III(10.19.2.1.3)982>. Pyrido[3,4- /]pyridazine derivative 416 is obtained similarly from azaphthalohydrazide 415 (Scheme 216) <1997T8225, CHEC-III(8.01.9.1.2)73>. Pyridazine-3,4-dicarbonitrile 417 with hydrazine gives the diamino heterocycle 418 (Scheme 217) <1967JHC393>. 

Aromatic heterocyclic rigid-rod polymers that have exceptional thermal oxidative stability have been prepared using 1,5-naphthylene dicarboxylic acid and 2,5-diamino-1, 4-benzenedithiol. These heterocyclic rigid-rod polymers materials are useful as protective garments in ballistic vests and abrasion- and flame-resistant fabrics. 

DIAMINOBENZIDENE see BGK500 3,3 -DIAMINOBENZIDINE TETRAHYDROCHLORIDE see BGK750 6,6 -DIANnNO-m,m -BIPHENOL see DMI400 4,4 -DIAMINOBIPHENYL see BBXOOO p,p -DIAMINOBIPHENYL see BBXOOO 4,4 -DIAMINO-l,l -BIPHENYL see BBXOOO 4,4 -DIAMINOBIPHENYL-3,3 -DICARBOXYLIC ACID see BFX250... 

A second method is the formation of polyamides by condensation of dicarboxylic acids or diisocyanates with diamino compounds such as (345), the reaction of which with 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid gives heat resistant films and fibers. 

Problem 36.7 Suggest a way to separate a mixture of amino acids into three fractions monoamino monocarboxylic acids, monoamino dicarboxylic acids (the acidic amino acids), and diamino monocarboxylic acids (the basic amino acids). 

Polypeptides, which contain amino dicarboxylic acids or diamino acids can also exist in isomeric forms asparagyl-monoglycine can exist in the two forms. 

Polyamide resins are characterized by the presence of the repeating amide group [-C(=0)-NH-] along the polymer chain. The polyamides are synthesized by the condensation polymerization of diamino compounds with dicarboxylic acids or... 

Aromatic polyelectrolytes based on sulfonated poly(benzobisthiazoles) (PBTs) have been synthesized also by polycondensation of sulfo-containing aromatic dicarboxylic acids with 2,5-diamino-1,4-benzenedithiol dihydrochloride (DABDT) in freshly prepared PPA [158]. 

Diamino-3,3 -biphenyldicarboxylic acid 4,4 -Diaminobiphenyl-3,3 -dicarboxylic acid. See Diaminodiphenic acid 4,4 -Diamino-3,3 -biphenyldiol dimethyl ether. See Dianisidine... 

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