Primary-secondary diamines

These were first investigated and used in rubber as accelerators. Their effect in improving the vulcanizing and ageing properties of rubber was utilized for several years. Primary diamines, primary secondary amines and aminophenols are much more active than simple primary amines. Aminophenol and phenolamine salts are effective antidegradents. 

Formic acid forms esters with primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols. The high acidity of formic acid makes use of the usual mineral acid catalysts unnecessary in simple esterifications (17). Formic acid reacts with most amines to form formylamino compounds. With certain diamines imida2ole formation occurs, a reaction that has synthetic utiHty (18) ... 

The spin adducts of free radicals and MNP or DMPO were observed by means of an ESR spectrometer. The data of hyperfine splitting constants were compiled in Tables 9 and 10 [40-42,44,45]. ESR studies on the initial free radicals revealed that the monoalkylamino radical RHN-, dialkylamino radical R2N-, and aminomethyl radical -CH2N< or aminoethylidene radical >N( CHCH3) were obtained from the corresponding primary, secondary, and cyclic tertiary amine. In case of a tertiary diamine such as TMEDA, formation of... 

Filmers are based on primary, secondary, or tertiary monoamines or diamines and contain alkyl chains with from 8 to 22 carbons. The most prominent material is the 18-carbon-chain aliphatic monoalkylamine, octadecylamine (ODA). 

Among the most active catalysts for the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of prochiral ketones and imines to chiral alcohols and amines are arene-ruthenium(II) amino-alcohol (or primary/ secondary 1,2-diamine)-based systems, with an inorganic base as co-catalyst, developed by Noyori139-141 and further explored by others (Scheme 27).142-145... 

ASTM D 2073-92, Standard Test Methods for Total, Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Amine Values of Fatty Amines, Amidoamines and Diamines by Referee Poten-tiometric Method, ASTM, Philadelphia, PA, 1992. 

If aromatic diamines are coupled to substituted 4-methyl-6-hydroxy-2-pyridi-nones [10] which contain a quaternary ammonium group (22) or primary, secondary, or tertiary amines (23), brilliant yellow to orange dyes are obtained. 

Using this protocol, primary aliphatic amines, secondary aliphatic amines, and diamines could be converted into the corresponding urea derivatives in moderate yields. Additionally, catalytic efficiency of cations derived from various bases decreases in the order of > diamines > primary amines > secondary amines > aniline, probably being due to the steric effect and basicity. The catalyst could also be recovered after a simple separation procedure, and reused over five times with retention of high activity. This process presented here could show much potential application in industry due to its simplicity and ease of catalyst recycling. 

Organic bases attached to mesoporous silica surface Primary, secondary and tertiary amines,1169-1711 diamines,[172] ammonium hydroxide11731 and guanidines have been grafted onto MTS surfaces through direct... 

Monoamines, primary diamines and secondary amines react with nitriles to give amidines, cyclic amidines and pyrimidines, respectively, in the presence of Yb(OTF)3 as a catalyst. Reaction of ammonia with acetonitrile is shown below. 

The present method eliminates the intermediate preparation of diborane or ammonium salts, and does not require elevated temperatures, as in transamination. The concomitant risk of amino-borane formation is thus avoided. Finally, the present method generally produces high yields or pure product with ammonia, primary, secondary, or tertiary amines, diamines, and with phosphines from readily available starting materials in conventional apparatus.9... 

A catalyst of diisobutylene hydroformylation was synthesized by interaction of Rh2(CO)4Cl2 with nitrogen-containing polymer ligands obtained by treating chloromethylated copolymers of styrene and DVB with primary, secondary and tertiary amines [255]. The effect of diamine or substituted pyridine-type additions on the activity of carbonyl clusters of Rh was studied on RhgfCOIie during a... 

In the previous section, chiral secondary amines are shown to be efficient catalysts for the AFC reaction of 4,7-dihydroindoles with a,p-unsaturated aldehydes by Wang and co-workers. Subsequently, the same group extended the AFC reaction to a,p-unsaturated ketones by using a new chiral primary/ secondary diamine catalyst derived from an amino acid. They found that chalcones, particularly challenging substrates for iminium catalysis, could afford the AFC products 122 in high yields (69-97%) with moderate to excellent enantioselectivity (66-97% ee). Note that the substitution on the 4,7-dihydroindolic nitrogen had a detrimental effect on the reactivity (<10% yield for Al-methyl indole) (Scheme 6.50). 

Akzo Chemie Method VE/3.001 Ethoxylated fatty amines/diamines Determination of primary + secondary amine. 

NH3, RNH2, and RR NH eliminations from primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, respectively, are negligible except from some multifunctional compounds (e.g., diamines and phenyl-phenoxy-substituted amines). 

Paciorek et al. [20] studied the treatment of Viton-A [poly(VDF-co-HFP) copolymer] and Kel-F [poly(VDF-co-CTFE) copolymer] with different primary, secondary and tertiary mono- and diamines. It appears that Kel-F elastomer required specific crossHnking conditions according to the nature of the (di)amine, at room temperature for primary mono- and diamines, at 50-60 °C for secondary mono- and diamines, at 90-100°C for tertiary diamines, and at 180-190 C for tertiary monoamines. 

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