Diagnosis clinical signs

Diagnosis. Clinical signs of chromium toxicosis include contact dermatitis, irritation of the nasal passages, and acute gastroenteritis. 

Laboratory diagnosis. Clinical signs alone are insufficient to establish a diagnosis. Analysis ot tissues is necessary to confirm exposure unfortunately, few laboratories offer routine dioxin analysis. 

Fohc acid is a precursor of several important enzyme cofactors required for the synthesis of nucleic acids (qv) and the metaboHsm of certain amino acids. Fohc acid deficiency results in an inabiUty to produce deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), and certain proteins (qv). Megaloblastic anemia is a common symptom of folate deficiency owing to rapid red blood cell turnover and the high metaboHc requirement of hematopoietic tissue. One of the clinical signs of acute folate deficiency includes a red and painhil tongue. Vitamin B 2 folate share a common metaboHc pathway, the methionine synthase reaction. Therefore a differential diagnosis is required to measure foHc acid deficiency because both foHc acid and vitamin B 2 deficiency cause... 

Metabolic disorders of urea biosynthesis, while extremely rare, illustrate four important principles (1) Defects in any of several enzymes of a metabolic pathway enzyme can result in similar clinical signs and symptoms. (2) The identification of intermediates and of ancillary products that accumulate prior to a metabolic block provides insight into the reaction that is impaired. (3) Precise diagnosis requires quantitative assay of the activity of the enzyme thought to be defective. (4) Rational therapy must be based on an understanding of the underlying biochemical reactions in normal and impaired individuals. 

In patients with clinical signs and symptoms of (severe) sepsis the diagnosis is based on microbiological analysis of blood and material from the original site of infection and, if present, on signs and... 

Conditions where a presumptive diagnosis can be made on the basis of clinical signs or simple investigations HIV wasting syndrome Pneumocystis pneumonia... 

Diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome depends on the identification of both the clinical signs (edema) and laboratory disorders (proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, hypoal-buminemia, hyperlipidemia). Lipid and coagulation abnormalities that also must be monitored are described in detail in the appropriate sections. 

A tentative diagnosis can be made based on clinical signs and history. However, a positive diagnosis can only be made by identifying strychnine in the stomach contents, viscera, or blood. The drug can be identified by chemical tests and microscopic identification of typical strychnine crystals. 

Clinical Evaluation, Box 22-3 lists the primary clinical signs diagnostic of Horner s syndrome. Although the complete syndrome is dramatic, it is encoimtered only rarely. Consequently, diagnosis based on the patient s clinical signs alone can be difficult. 

Confirmatory laboratory testing has been limited to viral cultures with subsequent immunoassay testing, which has limited its use, making reliance on history and clinical signs for diagnosis. A new in-office test for the adenovirus has been marketed. The RPS Adeno Detector is a 10-minute, in-office, lateral flow immunoassay that detects the presence of adenovirus in suspected... 

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