Di octyl phthalate

Nandanan et al. [35] reported the utilization of linseed oil as an MFA in nitrile rubber vulcanizates. Linseed oil not only acted as a plasticizer but also as the fatty acid component of the activator in the NBR vulcanizates. Use of linseed oil gave appreciable increase in properties like tensile strength, tear resistance, etc. while the viscosity of the compound was marginally lower than that of the control compound (which used di-octyl phthalate as the plasticizer). The vulcanizates containing linseed oil also exhibited increased cure rate as well as reduced leachability compared to the control at a dosage of 2-5 phr. This loading was seen to replace 6 phr DOP and 2 phr stearic acid in conventional NBR vulcanizates thereby reducing compound costs. 

Dogra RK, Chandra K, Chandra S, et al. 1989. Di-octyl phthalate induced altered host resistance Viral and protozal models in mice. Industrial Health 27 83-87. 

Dogra RK, Khanna S, Shukla L, et al. 1987. Modification of the immune response in rats by di-octyl phthalate. Industrial Health 25 97-101. 

EPA. 1993b. Di- -octyl phthalate toxic chemical release reporting community right-to-know. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Federal Register 58(191) 51785-51786. 

Note In the documented literature, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate is sometimes referred to as dioctyl phthalate. Not to be confused with di-/ -octyl phthalate. Technical grades may contain minor quantities of acetic acid and phthalic anhydride. 

Dinitrotoluol, see 2,6-Dinitrotoluene Dinoc, see 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol Donofan, see 2,4-Dinitrophenol Dinopol NOP, see Di-n-octyl phthalate Dinoxol, see 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T Dinurania, see 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol Dioctyl-o-benzenedicarboxylate, see Di-/ -octyl phthalate Dioctyl phthalate, see Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Di-n-... 

Phthalic acid, di-n-octyl ester, see Di-/ -octyl phthalate... 

Verton D, see 2,4-D Verton 2D, see 2,4-D Verton 2T, see 2,4,5-T Vertron 2D, see 2,4-D Vestinol 80, see Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Vestrol, see Trichloroethylene Vetiol, see Malathion Vetox, see Carbaryl Vidon 638, see 2,4-D Vinegar acid, see Acetic acid Vinegar naphtha, see Ethyl acetate Vinicizer 85, see Di- octyl phthalate Vinnapas 850, see Vinyl acetate Vinyl acetate H.Q., see Vinyl acetate Vinyl alcohol 2,2-dichlorodimethyl phosphate, see Dichlorvos... 

McCarthy, W.F. and Whitmore, D.K. Chronic toxicity of di-/ -butyl phthalate and di-/ -octyl phthalate to ilapAnia magna and the fathead minnow, Environ. Toxicol Chem., 4 167-179, 1985. 

Bii(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Butyl benzyl phthalate Di- -butyl phthalate Di- -octyl phthalate Diethyl phthalate Dimethyl phthalate T etrachloroethy lene Toluene... 

R. Taylor. We tried the Birch reduction and obtained amino peaks in the ir because amination occurs under the reaction conditions. We tried to get over this problem by hydrogenating over platinum at low pressure, initially in hexane and then in benzene. Benzene must be redistilled first because it contains di-octyl phthalate. Having adopted this precaution, a purple solution was obtained which became bright yellow after 2-3 days. Of course benzene is reduced as well to cyclohexane. Another problem arises because the (hydrogenated) product, although initially soluble in... 

Import quantities of dioctyl phthalates were about 4 million pounds in 1998. No data were located regarding past import volumes of DEHP or the di octyl phthalates. Exports of dioctyl phthalates have been about 14 27 million pounds per year from 1994 to 1998 (Mannsville Chemical Products Corporation 1999). Import/export statistics specific for DEHP were not located. 

CAS number dioctyl phthalate occurs commercially in two isomeric forms di- -octyl phthalate [117-84-0] and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate [117-81-7]. 

Kavlock R, Bockelheide K, Chapin R, et al. (2002) NTP center for the evaluation of risks to human reproduction Phthalates expert panel report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of di- -octyl phthalate. Reproductive Toxicology 16(5) 721-734. 

The high thermal stability of the Deloxan ASP catalysts is also a key factor when looking at the achieved conversion rates in the esterification of phthalic anhydride with various alcohols, e.g. 1-octanol or 2-ethyl-hexanol, to yield di-octyl-phthalates (reaction 1) that are used as plasticizers. Product yields of > 99% for the diester are obtained for residence times between 30-50 minutes, at temperatures between 150°C and 180°C. 

Plasticised PVC may sometimes seem a misnomer, as the plasticiser content can occasionally be greater than the PVC. Plasticisation also reduces chemical resistance and increases gas and moisture permeation. Typical plasticisers used include adipates, citrates, sebacates, phosphates and phthalates, e.g. di-iso-octyl adipate, acetyl-tri-n butylcitrate, di-octyl phthalate (DOP). Polymeric plasticisers and urethanes are also used. Plasticised PVCs are soft and very flexible (see IV bag usage). 

National Toxicology Program-Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction (NTP-CERHR), NTP-CERHR Monograph on the Potential Human Reproductive and Developmental Effects of di- -octyl phthalate (DNOP), U.S. Department of Health and Human Service, 2003. 

Di-hexyl phthalate Di-propyl phthalate Dicyclohexyl phthalate Diethyl phthalate (DEP) Di- -octyl phthalate (DOP) Estriol (E3)... 

Unplasticised PVC has far too high a modulus for use as a blood bag. The traditional plasticiser is di(ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) (sometimes called di-octyl phthalate (DOP)). Addition of 100 parts per hundred of DEHP reduces the Tg of the polymer to —51°C. This enables the material to remain flexible if it is frozen rapidly before being stored in a freezer. It... 

Filter media efficiency tests are made using dilute suspensions of standard particles. A wide variety of test powders is available, in fine and coarse grades. Industrial users will tend to use a test mixture typical of the products of interest, e.g. yeast in the browing industry. In the gaseous field, both solid (sub-micron sodium chlorid crystals) and liquid particles (di-octyl phthalate dispersion) are used. 

Distillation with reaction, where the normal process is coupled with a liquid phase reaction, is also interesting and esterifications of certain alcohols with acids are typical industrial applications. These include, among others the homogeneously catalyzed butyl acetate process and the production of the plasticizer di-octyl-phthalate from phthalic anhydride and 2-ethyl-hexanol. However, the subject which involves both product formation and separation aspects has not usually been treated in the literature relating specifically to "mass transfer with reaction". 

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