Developments in Methodology

Advances in theory and developments in methodology arose mostly from fundamental research. This aspect was decisive for the research output in Europe and shoutd remain so. 

Organic Syntheses welcomes and encourages submission of experimental procedures which lead to compounds of wide interest or which Illustrate Important new developments in methodology. The Editorial Board will consider proposals in outline formal as shown below, and will request full experimental details for those proposals which are of sufficient interest. Tear-out copies of this form may be found at the back of this volume. Submissions which are longer than three steps from commercial sources or from existing Organic Syntheses procedures will be accepted only in unusual circumstances. 

These analytical dilemmas interfere with the methods of alkaloid analysis. Each group of alkaloids has its own methods of extraction, isolation and crystallization, as well as detection in structure, molecule and dynamicity. Not all these stages are still possible in the majority of alkaloids. In recent years, many techniques have been used in alkaloid detection. There are atomic and molecular electronic spectroscopy, vibration spectroscopy and electron and nuclear spin orientation in magnetic fields, mass spectroscopy, chromatography, radioisotope and electrochemical techniques. Although important developments in methodology and... 

In this article we review developments in methodological approaches for isolation of glycosphingolipids in high yields demonstration of glycosphingolipid complexity as well as species, individual and organ specificity demonstration of distinctive features of the epithelial tissue versus its secretion and description of a new group of glycolipids which are confined to mucous secretions. 

In order to increase the selectivity and efficiency of extraction, novel stationary phases have been developed, particularly in trace analysis. Cyclodextrins, graphi-tized carbon blacks, and conductive polymers such as polypyrrole and poly aniline have been investigated [73]. Sol-gel polymers also seem to be interesting. A particularly important feature is the high thermal stability of these polymers [74]. Recent applications for analysis of biological samples have been described in several articles [75-81]. Review articles present recent developments in methodology, the SPME technique [82-84], and novel coatings [85, 86]. 

Other polarization FFF methods have recently been proposed theoretically and some of them implemented experimentally. Their use in current laboratory practice needs further development in methodology and instrumentation. One of the most recent review articles brings an excellent review of the state of the art of the polarization FFF methods [12]. 

The growth in the use of DNA microarrays experienced in the past decade has been paralleled by the necessary developments in methodology, including new methods to model and analyze the data and new tools to implement these methods (16). 

The first edition of the laboratory handbook Diinnschicht-Chromatographie edited by E. Stahl was pubhshed by Springer in 1962. Many subsequent publications can now be regarded as obsolete because of the developments in methodology and technique. I hope that the personal comments on the publications listed below will help the user in his or her choice. 

---