Development from biologically active

Tower Biology A biological waste-treatment process, developed from the Activated Sludge process. The sludge is contained in a tall tower, at the base of which oxygen is injected as small bubbles. The bubbles are almost completely absorbed by the time they reach the surface of the liquid. The system uses less energy than does surface aeration. Developed by Bayer in 1980 for its plant at Leverkusen, Germany subsequently adopted in India and then elsewhere. 

In addition, studies from this and other laboratories illustrate that by mimicking hypothetical transition states one can develop exceptionally potent enzyme inhibitors. These compounds will advance our understanding of catalytic mechanisms, serve as probes for unraveling the roles of particular enzymes in catalytic processes, and allow their rapid purification. They are also promising commercially as pesticides, pesticide synergists, as well as pharmaceuticals. From such work it seems clear that both chemical and biotechnological approaches will be used alone and in combination in the development of biologically active materials. 

The chemistry of 1,3,5-triazine did not find a significant development in 2013. There were few examples of new synthetic methods. However, the 1,3,5-triazine moiety still attracts a great deal of attention as a basis for construction of new materials and compounds with different useful properties from biological activity to liquid crystals. Here we have coUected some outstanding examples. 

From the results above, it is evident that at this time, the use of cell-seeded matrices is superior to the use of nonseeded matrices for the reconstruction of large portions of the bladder. Although advances have been made with the engineering of bladder tissues, many challenges remain. Current research in many centers is aimed at the development of biologically active and smart biomaterials that may improve tissue regeneration. 

These designed methods will allow hereinafter development of the high-performance remedies, using biologically active substances from Arctium lappa L. root. Identification of stmcture and quality contents allows to obtain correct prediction of phamiacological properties of this groups of compounds. Express method allows to make supply of medical herb raw material more rational. 

Many different approaches to QSAR have been developed since Hansch s seminal work. These include both two-dimensional (2D) and 3D QSAR methods. The major differences among these methods can be analyzed from two viewpoints (1) the strucmral parameters that are used to characterize molecular identities and (2) the mathematical procedure that is employed to obtain the quantitative relationship between a biological activity and the structural parameters. 

As described above, the chemistry of 1,2-dithietaiies is far from being developed. Tlierefore, development of excellent synthetic methods of 1,2-dithietanes is truly desired in order to understand their intrinsic nature associated with chemical reactivities, structure, and biological activities. 

It would not be too far fetched to state that life on this planet is totally dependent on two compounds based on the purine nucleus. Two of the bases crucial to the function of DNA and flNA—guanine and adenine—are in fact substituted purines. It is thus paradoxical that the lead for the development of medicinal agents based on this nucleus actually came from observations of the biologic activity of plant alkaloids containing that heterocyclic system, rather than from basic biochemistry. 

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