Developing countries environmentally degradable

Armenia has hydro energy resources that can cover up to 35% of country s energy demand, but according to above mentioned, hydropower development has no much perspective in the country due to limitations of hydro-power resources and this could result environmental degradation, particularly lose of environmental quality of the Lake Sevan. However, the system of small hydropower plants on mountainous rivers could be developed as a support to Armenian energy grid. 

Chlordane was widely used as a termiticide in and around homes, but it has been banned in most developed countries since about 1985. It has an environmental half-life of about 5 years. It degrades to oxychlordane (see below), which is very stable in the environment. 

This is the point where we have to introduce the third point of this opening lecture less developed countries are greatly concerned by environmental problems for many reasons. They are because their overpopulation urges economic development, which itself depends greatly on chemicals and will unavoidably result in chemical pollution of the environment at large. Three problems in these countries are completely intricated and lead to similar consequences on the degradation of the environment. These are as follows ... 

The quality of life does not follow this order. Several of the countries have higher incomes per capita and life expectancies than the United States. Several of the countries that compete with the United States in trade discard less waste per person. The overconsumption that leads to so much waste has implications beyond the boundaries of the country in question. For example, the United States obtains chromium and platinum from South Africa, calcium fluoride from Greenland, and tungsten from China. The developed nations import beef, woods, bananas, cocoa, coffee, pineapples, shrimp, and other consumables, from tropical countries. The developed nations are partly responsible for any environmental degradation involved in the production of these crops. 

During the period of centralized planning systems, the central and eastern European countries did not develop full environmental protection policies which responded to the degradation of the river environment. Legal standards for environmental quality were often uninforced or unenforceable. 

In 1993 cropped land accounted for 19 per cent of the total land area of developing countries of the region. This indicates that significant inroads have already been made into land with low production potential, which include unirrigated areas with arid and semi-arid climates, or unreliable rainfall, areas with steep slopes or poor soil drainage or a combination of these features. Such areas tend to be ones where environmental degradation is most severe. 

Synthetic surfactants have caused huge environmental problems in the past due to their limited degradability and their partial biotoxicity. Improvements in legislation in the industrial countries have led to a significant reduction of this undesired behavior, but in many less developed countries, pollution caused by surfactants is stiU a problem. 

There is an enormous potential for reclamation and reuse of rubber in developing countries. There is a large wastage of rubber in many countries and the aim of this brief is to give some ideas for what can be done with this valuable resomce. Whether rubber is reused, reprocessed or hand crafted into new products, the end result is that there is less waste and less environmental degradation as a result. 

Environmentally degradable plastics (EDPs), as one major branch of ICS-UNIDO activity aims at bringing the updated knowledge directly to developing countries, and to stimulate the diffusion of harmonic decisions on the global issue of plastic waste to the benefit of these countries ... 

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