Determination of Cs

The data can also be handled by plotting [(1/X ) — (l/X o)] instead of (1/X ) versus [S]/ [M], Under conditions where f p/[M]2 is not constant, one may plot [(1/X ) — ktRp/k [M]2] versus [S]/[M]. Another method involves dividing the rate expression for transfer (Eq. 3-104) by that for propagation (Eq. 3-112) to yield 

The value of Cs is obtained as the slope of the line obtained by plotting the ratio of the rates of disappearance of transfer agent and monomer r([S]/ii[M] versus [S]/[M]. 

A useful alternate to the Mayo plot for determining Cs (as well as other transfer constants) is the chain length distribution (CLD) method based on the molecular weight distributions obtained from size exclusion chromatography (SEC) [Christie and Gilbert, 1996, 1997 Heuts et al., 1998, 1999 Moad and Moad, 1996]. The limiting slope AHIGH of a 

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The increasing threat of international terrorism was one motivation for development of ISE for the determination of Cs+ in environmental samples [80]. In an event such as a Chernobyl-type disaster or the explosion of a dirty bomb , cesium is one of the most important reaction products and is expected to be the most significant threat to public health [81]. With a detection limit of 10 8M, the developed electrode is sensitive enough for this application and the successful detection of cesium activities in spiked water samples has been demonstrated (see Procedure 2 in CD accompanying this book). In addition, the electrode shows excellent selectivity to cesium in the presence of high levels of strontium, an important interferent originating from nuclear explosions. 

Determination of Cs+ in natural water samples using direct potentiometry... 

Gomez, E., Garcias, F., Casas, M., Cerda, V. Determination of Cs and Sr in calcareous soils geographical distribution on the island of Majorca. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 48(5), 699-704... 

Fig. 26a. Turbulence energy in the (T2) flow-determination of Cs. Initial shape from...

The radiochemical procedure for the determination of Cs in aqueous samples is based on the batch extraction of caesium onto a microcrystalline cation exchanger, ammonium molybdophosphate (AMP), and subsequent purification from potassium and rubidium activities by ion-exchange separation using a strongly acidic cation exchange resin (BIO-REX-40). Natural K and Rb have radioactive isotopes that interfere with the beta counting of Cs. The purification of caesium is also necessary to determine the chemical recovery. 

Determination of Cs in the same milk powder during intercomparisons in 1983 and 1989... 

Fig. 9.31. Intercalibration exercise of SSSR laboratories in determination of Cs in milk powder.

Figure 6.8 Plot of Eq. (P6.22.1) for the determination of Cs with the data of Problem 6.22.

Karam, L. R., Pibida, L., and McMahon, C. A. 2002. Use of resonance ionization mass spectrometry for determination of Cs ratios in solid samples. Appl Radiat Isotopes 56(1-2), 369-374. 

Pibida, L., Nortershauser, W., Hutchinson, J. M. R., and Bushaw, B. A. 2001. Evaluation of resonance ionization mass spectrometry for the determination of Cs-135/Cs-137 isotope ratios in low-level samples. Radiochimica Acta 89(3), 161-168. 

Fig. 13. Calibration curve for quantitative determination of [Cs]" correlating the sample amount with the peak area of the evaporation profile obtained by FDMS and sin e ion monitoring of m/z 133. For these measurements, a number of standard solutions of CsCl in carbon tetrachloride were prepared and analyzed. The values of the analyses are displayed with an error of 20% corresponding to 2

Since the moment tensor is a symmetric tensor of the 2" rank, the number of independent components is six as mn, m, m, m22, m2s, and mss. These components can be determined from the observation of the first motions at more than six sensor locations. To solve Eq. 8.10, the coefiBcient Cs, the reflection coefficient i e(t,r), the distance R, and its direction cosine vector r are necessary. The determination of Cs and i e(t,r) is discussed in the previous sections. Other values can be obtained from the source (flaw) location analysis. Thus, the location analysis is essential to perform the moment tensor analysis. 

A recent study by Isnard et al. [12] compared the use of TIMS and MC-ICP-MS for the determination of Cs isotope ratios in spent nuclear fuels. Cs isotopic information is relevant in investigations of reactor processes and in the assessment of bum-up of the fuel - slightly different Cs isotopic compositions are anticipated for the fission of versus Pu or Pu. In this isotopic analysis application, Cs has four relevant isotopes Cs (stable), Cs (T = 2.07 years),... 

Murphy, M.F., JatufF, F., and Chawla, R. (2008) Comparison of optimised germanium gamma spectrometry and multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the determination of Cs, Cs and Fu single ratios in highly burnt UO2. Nud. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 589 (3), 425-435. 

Kerman A, Chin C, Vuletic V, Chu S, Leo P, Williams C, Juhenne P. (2001) Determination of Cs-Cs interaction parameters using Feshbach spectroscopy. Comptes Rendus de I Academie des Sciences, Sene IV Physique, Astrophysique) 2 633. 

St order, determination of cs and J of sugar protons directly from peak positions. 

The conventional way of getting a correct value of CS is a cumbersome task and it might also yield manual errors, as well, particularly if proper units of the variables are not input in Eq. 5.7. With this in view and for the precise and quick determination of CS, as listed in Table 5.32, look up chart has been developed, as depicted in Fig. 5.8. Each chart exhibits a regular trend of variation between the CS and d-spacing (corresponding to the 20°) of various minerals present in the samples, for different (ranging from 0.0502 to 1.0706 in 20° unit) values. Thus getting the value of CS from Fig. 5.8 looks very simple, except for an interpolation in case of an intermediate value of P, between adjacent plots. 

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