Deoxyribonucleic acid strands

Thundat T, Warmack R J, Allison D P, Bottomley L A, Lourenco A J and Ferrell T L 1992 Atomic force microscopy of deoxyribonucleic acid strands adsorbed on mica the effect of humidity on apparent width and image contrast J. Vac. Sol. Technol. A 10 630... 

Kienast K, Kaes C, Drumm K, et al. 2000. Asbestos-exposed blood monocytes - deoxyribonucleic acid strand lesions in co-cultured bronchial epithelial cells. Scand J Work Environ Health 26(l) 71-77. 

SV-40-transformed human bronchial epithelial cells co-cultured (transwell system) with human blood monocytes and exposed to 100 fig chrysotile B per 10 cells showed deoxyribonucleic acid strand lesions induced by the reactive oxygen intermediates released from the mononuclear phagocytes engulfing the fibres (Kienast et al. 2000). The addition of 200 U catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) per ml or 100 /iM desferoxamine to the culture medium blocked almost completely the induction of DNA strand lesions in this system (maximum 85 %). 

Zwelling LA, Michaels S, Kerrigan D, Pommier Y et al. 1982 Protein-associated deoxyribonucleic acid strand breaks produced in mouse leukemia LI210 cells by ellipticine and 2-methyl-O-hydroxy- ellipticinium. Biochem Pharmacol 31 3261-3267... 

Rose, J. A., Koczot, F. Adenovirus-associated virus multiplication VI base composition of the deoxyribonucleic acid strand species and strand-specific in vivo transcription. J. Virol.8, 771-777 (1971). 

Schematic diagram of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) showing the pairing of nitrogen bases (A-T C-G) between parts of two strands of DNA, the backbone of each strand being composed of alternately linked sugar and phosphate units.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) topoisomerases (topos) are ubiquitous enzymes that can manipulate DNA by changing the number of topological links between two strands of the same or different DNA molecules [1]. These enzymes are involved in many cellular processes, such as replication, recom-... 

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) A double-stranded molecule held together by weak bonds between base pairs of nucleotides that encodes genetic information. The base sequence of each single strand can be deduced from that of its partner since base pairs form only between the bases A and T and between G and C. 

DNA DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double-stranded helix of nucleotides... 

P. Doty, J. Marmur, J. Eigen, and C.E. Schildkraut, Strand separation and specific recombination in deoxyribonucleic acids physical chemical studies. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 46, 461-476 (1960). 

DNA (short for 2-deoxyribonucleic acid) is the biological molecule that determines the shape and structure of all organisms. It is found mostly in the nuclei of cells. Each strand of DNA is a polymer that is composed of repeating units, called nucleotides. A single strand of DNA may have more than one million nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of three parts a sugar, a phosphate group, and a base. 

DNA (2-deoxyribonucleic acid) essential genetic material that is found in the nucleus of every cell a double helix with two polymeric strands, each strand composed of repeating units called nucleotides (2.3)... 

DNA (the acronym for deoxyribonucleic acid) is a large molecule having roughly the shape of two spaghetti strands wrapped around each other. The chemical structures for the three kinds of chemical units found in DNA are shown below. These units are a sugar (de-... 

This zinc-dependent endonuclease [EC 3.1.30.1] can act on either ribo- or deoxyribonucleic acids, with a preference for single-stranded substrates. It catalyzes the endonucleolytic cleavage of those nucleic acids to 5 -phospho-mononucleotide and 5 -phosphooligonucleotide end-products. 

Ac, acetyl AONs, antisense oligonucleotides B, boat Bn, benzyl Bz, benzoyl C, chair CD, circular dichroism CO, carbon monoxide ConA, concanavalin A DAST, diethylaminosulfur trifluoride DFT, density functional theory DMDO, dimethyldiox-irane DMT, dimethoxytriphenylmethyl DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid dsDNA, double-stranded DNA E, envelope Fmoc, fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl GlcNAc, /V-acetylglucosamine ITC, isothermal titration calorimetry kcat, catalytic rate constant Aa, association constant K, inhibition constant KM, Michaelis constant LiSPh, lithium thiophenolate LPS, lipopolysaccharide pM, micromolar MMT,... 

Nucleic Acid. A nucleic acid is a natural polynucleotide. It is a sugar-phosphate chain with purine and pyrimidine bases attached to it, as shown in Chart 10. If the sugar is deoxyribose and the pyrimidine bases are cytosine and thymine, the nucleic acid is deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA if the sugar is ribose, and the pyrimidine bases are (mostly) cytosine and uracil, the nucleic acid is ribonucleic acid, RNA. The sequence of bases may appear arbitrary and random, but it constitutes a meaningful code (see Code Word). In double-stranded nucleic acids,... 

What s DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid, the helical ladderlike chain of molecules that makes up genes. DNA consists of a sugar molecule called deoxyribose (it is somewhat related to glucose), a nitrogen-containing molecule called a base, and phosphate atoms bonded to the other two components. It is the sequence of base pairs (one base on each strand) in DNA that determines the end-product (e.g., protein). The human genome— the entire DNA content of a human being—contains approximately 3 billion base pairs. 

DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid is the repository of hereditary characteristics. The most commonly described form of DNA is the double-stranded form, arranged as a helix. Chromosomes are composed of double-stranded DNA. So called DNA fingerprinting offers a basis for evaluating the probability that blood, hair, semen or tissue samples originate from a given person, and thus offers a forensic tool as well as a means to determine lineages of humans and animals... 

Ananthaswamy, H.N. Eisenstark, A. (1977) Repair of hydrogen peroxide-induced single-strand breaks va. Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid. J. Bacterial., 130, 187-191... 

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