Deoxyadenylate phosphates

Figure 14 Fractionation of 40-60-base oligodeoxyadenylates. Column 0.41 x 5 cm column packed with cross-linked and methylated PEI on Hypersil , 3 p. Eluent 50 mM potassium phosphate, 15% acetonitrile, pH 5.9 with a gradient from 200-500 mM ammonium sulfate. Flow rate 0.5ml/min. Oligomers of deoxyadenylic acid were fractionated up to a degree of polymerization of 60.180 (Reproduced with permission of Academic Press from Drager, R. R. and Regnier, F. E., Anal. Biodiem., 145, 47, 1985.)...

Adenosine 5 -phosphate is also known as AMP (for adenosine monophosphate) or adenylic acid. If deoxyribose replaces ribose in adenosine 5 -phosphate, the terminology is dAMP or deoxyadenylic acid. The abbreviated names for some ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides are listed below. 

DNA contains the bases adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). These bases are covalently attached to the deoxyribose phosphate to form nucleotides. The respective nucleotides are called deoxyadenylic acid (dA), deox)hhy-midylic acid (dT), deoxyguanylic acid (dG), and deoxycytidylic add (dC). The prefix "deoxy" indicates that the sugar is deoxyribose, rather than ribose. The word "acid" indicates that the ribose contains a covalently bound phosphoric acid group. 

In most cases the traditional abbreviations based on the term nucleoside monophosphate are used. Thus AMP stands for adenosine monophosphates (adenylate), UMP for uridine monophosphate (midylate), and NMP for any ribonucleoside monophosphate. Similarly, dAMP stands for deoxyadenosine monophosphate (deoxyadenylate), dUMP for deoxyuridine monophosphate (deoxyuridylate), and dNMP for any deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate. To illustrate certain points, the base, sugar, and phosphate group are indicated individually AMP = ARP dUMP = UdRP etc. 

The 5 -adenyhc acid deaminase (22) found in rabbit muscle has been crystallized (23). It converts adenylic acid to inosinic acid and ammonia [Eq. (7)]. The enzyme does not deaminate adenine, adenosine, adenosine diphosphate, adenosine triphosphate, adenosine 2 -phosphate, adenosine S -phosphate, guanosine, or cytosine but does act upon deoxyadenylic acid (24)-... 

The nucleoside 5 -monophosphates are sometimes referred to as adenylate, deoxyadenylate, uridylate, guanylate, cytidylate and thymidylate because of the presence of the phosphate group. 

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