Denitrogenation activities

Ru has been used as an additive to Co-Mo and Ni-Mo (38) to improve their hydrogenation and denitrogenation activities. 

Denitrogenation (Comparison - SRC-I and SCT Coal Extracts). Figure 9 shows a comparison between the SRC-I and SCT runs in the LC-Finer with respect to percentage denitrogenation for the total liquid product. This plot also indicates the relative rate of loss in denitrogenation activity when the normalized specific run data is plotted against time as equivalent periods of operation... 

Figure 4. Comparison of denitrogenation activities, Group A catalysts (O) Har-shaw 618X, O Mobil HCL-2, (A) HDS-1443, (V) Mobil HCL-3, (o) Amocat...

P-14 - Hydro denitrogenation activity of NiO — M0O3 catalysts supported on various mesoporous alumino silicates... 

IsoQN-l-OR ( 472nm 9.04mM-lcm-l) No reaction towards QN (and substituted QN) and inactivated by 5-OH-isoQN Degrade Iso-QN but denitrogenation not reported, dihydro-pathway. After purification (50% yield), the solid was as 350 times more active than the crude extract. 

As illustrated by Figure 27.6(d), the denitrogenation of quinoline is found to be a more difficult reaction. In the absence of sulfur, the oxynitride and the oxycarbide exhibit little activity for denitrogenation of quinoline in the absence of sulfur, while the hematite does not show any activity whatsoever (not shown). At the reaction conditions studied, the quinoline rapidly converted into tetrahydroquinoline, as evidenced by the high conversion rate indicated in Table 27.3, which reacted more slowly to form propylaniline, tetrahydroquinoline and decahydroquinoline. Only a small fraction of propylbenzene is detected as a nitrogen free product, accounting for less than 1% HDN. Sulfur addition as DMDS results in a moderate increase in HDN activity (4% HDN) for both Mo2NaO>, and... 

Computational study at (U)B3LYP/6-31G for the reaction of 27 (R = Z = H) showed that the activation barrier (AE + ZPE correction) for the diradical (31) formation (path b) is 40.2kcal mol, which is 2.1 kcalmol-1 lower than that for the diazenyl diradical (30) formation step (path a).44 The barrier from 31 to 29 is very small (0.6 kcal mol ), whereas the barrier from 31 to 28 is 7.0 kcal mol-1. Direct formation of 28 from 27 via a [2 + 2 + 2] reaction did not give TS. Thus, the calculations suggested that the reaction of 27 (R = Z = H) would give 29 as a major product via path b. This is consistent with experimental report, which showed that the denitrogenation of the parent 27 nearly exclusively gave spiropentane.45... 

However, several assumptions are inherent in this interpretation of the data. First, it is assumed that the change in the observed effect (such as conversion of 850°F+, percentage denitrogenation, etc.) is linear with respect to time. Thus a linear delta-effect per period of time could be established and intermediate data could be adjusted to a MfreshM activity corresponding to that observed at the reference period and at any desired temperature. Second, it is assumed that the intermediate process parameter variations had no adverse effect on the catalyst deactivation function. For example, operation at constant temperature for a given interval of time would produce the same catalyst deactivation as varying temperatures (within limits) over the same interval of time. 

Thermal Baseline Study. PDU Run 2LCF-21 (Thermal Baseline) processed a 70/30 volume percent SRC-I/500°F IBP KC-Oil feed blend over an inert 1/32 inch Shell catalyst support. The inert support was the extrudate base for the modified Shell 324 catalyst and had been calcined at 1100-1150°C. The purpose of this run was to determine the extent of conversion and denitrogenation in the absence of an active catalyst ingredient - nickel and molybdenum (Ni/Mo). 

To have a quantitative idea of the higher unit surface area activity of the Monolith catalyst, rate constants based on surface area were considered essential to know. To accomplish this, the global reaction kinetics of desulfurization and denitrogen-ation were determined. For the desulfurization the following three kinetic models, as suggested in the literature, were tested to determine which best represented the data of this study. 

The objective of Task 1 is to compare the denitrogenation capability of three pairs of active metals (Co-Mo, Ni-Mo, and Ni-W) which are being used commercially for hydrotreating and hydrocracking of petroleum. 

Hydro- denitrogenation Al-M/ YAI2O3 impreg. withNi- Mo. The Al-M showed significant activity for nitrogen removal, but activity was low compared to other catalyst (eg. deahuninated Laponite, commercial hydrotreating catalyst and y alumina). Resistance to deactivation was comparable to y alumina, but not as effective as dealuminated Laponite. 69... 

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