Dendritic cells , role

De Heer HJ. Hammad H. Soullie T. Hijdra D, Vos N, Willart MA. Hoogsteden HC. Lambrecht BN Essential role of lung plasmacytoid dendritic cells in preventing asthmatic reactions to harmless inhaled antigen. J Exp Med 2004 200 89-98. 

Novak N, Bieber T The role of dendritic cell sub-types in the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005 53 S171-S176. 

It is generally accepted (based on clinical and in vitro studies) that mast cells (and basophils), IgE and FceRI are involved in most cases of allergen-induced anaphylaxis in humans. However, it is difficult to define the exact roles and relative importance of mast cells, basophils, and other potential effector cells (e.g monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells) in either IgE-dependent or IgE-independent human anaphylaxis. Unlike in mice, we neither have access to mast cell- or basophil-deficient humans nor can we genetically manipulate human subjects to produce such phenotypes. 

The roles of potential effector cells other than mast cells and basophils (e.g. monocytes/ macrophages, dendritic cells) in IgE-dependent and IgE-independent anaphylaxis in mice and humans remain to be determined. 

Dendritic cells (DCs) are functionally classified into myeloid (MDCs) and plasma-cytoid DCs (PDCs), both of which are potent professional antigen presenting cells (APC) but vary in the expression of a number of surface molecules. They also exhibit differences in their susceptibility to various strains of HIV-1 (Lore et al. 2005 Smed-Sorensen et al. 2005). Their role in the dissemination of HIV-1 is of... 

The role of TRPVl in (neuro)immunoregulation has been detailed recently [157]. Since then, TRPVl expression was also demonstrated in dendritic cells [158]. 

Yoneyama H, Narumi S, Zhang Y, et al. Pivotal role of dendritic cell-derived CXCL10 in the retention of T helper cell 1 lymphocytes in secondary lymph nodes. J Exp Med 2002 195(10) 1257-1266. 

Leung BP, Conacher M, Hunter D, Mclnnes IB, Liew FY, Brewer JM. A novel dendritic cell-induced model of erosive inflammatory arthritis distinct roles for dendritic cells in T cell activation and induction of local inflammation. J Immunol 2002 169(12) 7071-7077. 

Sun H, Pollock KG, Brewer JM (2003) Analysis of the role of vaccine adjuvants in modulating dendritic cell activation and antigen presentation in vitro. Vaccine 21 849-855... 

Inflammation and autoimmunity often are associated with the destruction of bone, but the molecular link between these two processes had long been unclear. The role of bone in the generation of immune system cells is evident since they are formed in the marrow housed within the bone however, the role of these cells on bone is not so clear. RANKL and RANK were described initially in activated T-cells and in dendritic cells, respectively, where they have functions in the regulation of cellular lifespan and immunomodulation (Anderson et al. 1997 Wong et al. 1997). Recently the term osteoimmunology has been coined to describe the link between the immune system and bone (Arron et a. 2000). Several data support this idea ... 

Arrighi, J.F.et al., A critical role for p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in the maturation of human blood-derived dendritic cells induced by lipopolysaccharide, TNF-alpha, and contact sensitizers. J. Immunol., 166, 3837, 2001. 

Aiba, S. et al., p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinases play distinct roles in the activation of dendritic cells by two representative haptens, NiC12 and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, J. Invest. Dermatol., 120, 390, 2003. 

Ou-Yang, P. et al., Co-delivery of GM-CSF gene enhances the immune responses of hepatitis C viral core protein-expressing DNA vaccine Role of dendritic cells, J. Med. Virol., 66, 320, 2002. 

Nouri-Shirazi, M. and Guinet, E., Evidence for the immunosuppressive role of nicotine on human dendritic cell functions, Immunology. 109, 3, 365, 2003. 

Mahnke K, Ring S, Johnson TS, Schallenberg S, Schonfeld K, Storn V, Bedke T, Enk AH Induction of immunosuppressive functions of dendritic cells in vivo by CD4-LCD25+ regulatory T cells role of B7-H3 expression and antigen presentation. Eur J Immunol 2007 37 2117-2126. 

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