3-DDM

Paraplex Resin-Bonded Explosive. Usually consists of Paraplex P-43/RDX/Al/Styrene monomer/ Lupersol DDM (as a polymerization catalyst) in the following percentages, viz 6.0/65.0/ 20.0/9.0/0.5. Density 1.65g/cc. The material is mixed and polymerized using the usual procedure for polyester resins and Plastic Bonded Expls (see in this Vol)... 

Fig. 9. Sorption plot for epoxide with DDM hardener at 100 °C. Upper abscissa ( ) long times lower abscissa (O) short times. (Brewis, Comyn, Shalash, Tegg (39))...

By contrast with tertiary amines used in catalytic quantities, primary and secondary amines or acid anhydrides may be used to bring about the cure of epoxy resins by reaction in stoichiometric proportions. A typical amine curing agent used at this level is diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM), which reacts with an individual epoxy-group in the way shown in Reaction 4.17. 

Allongue P, VUleneuve De CH, Moiin S, Boukherroub R, Wayner DDM (2000) The preparation of flat H-Si(lll) surfaces in 40% NH4F revisited. Electrochim Acta 45 4591-4598... 

Wayner DDM, Burton GW, Ingold KU and Locke S. 1985. Quantitative measurement of the total, peroxyl radical-trapping antioxidant capability of human blood plasma by controlled peroxidation. The important contribution made by plasma proteins. FEBS Lett 187(l) 33-37. 

DDM Wayner, GW Burton, KU Ingold, S Locke. FEBS Lett 187 33-37, 1985. 

DDT, DDD and DDM CTABr and C16H33NMe2CH2CH2OH Br. Second-order rate constants estimated in the micelles Rezende et al., 1983... 

DDT,DDD,DDM + OH CTAOH + OH -. At high [OH ] an additional reaction postulated between OH and micellar-bound substrate Stadler et al., 1984... 

In Section IV.B we will discuss the ortho-effect of NO2 as manifested in the ionization of carboxylic and other acids and (in Section IV.C) in the reactions of substituted benzoic acids with diazodiphenylmethane (DDM). Only in the case of the latter system can really satisfactory correlation analysis be taken as the basis for discussion. For most of the other systems discussion will have to be qualitative or, at best, semi-quantitative. 

C. The Reactions of orfho-Substituted Benzoic Acids with Diazodiphenylmethane (DDM)... 

It may be mentioned in passing that Chapman and coworkers148 determined rate coefficients for the reactions at 30 °C of phenylacetic acid and various meta- or /zara-substituted phenylacetic acids with DDM in 10 alcohols as solvents. The nitro acids were included. There were some interesting indications of solvent dependence for the apparent a values of /zara-substituents, including N02, for which values ranging from 0.69 to 0.77 were... 

Other papers in the series Chemometrical Analysis of Substituent Effects are on additivity of substituent effects in dissociation of 3,4-178 or 3,5-179disubstituted benzoic acids in organic solvents and on the ort/zo-effect180. In the last-mentioned, data for the dissociation of ortto-substituted benzoic acids in 23 solvents are combined with data on the reactions with DDM (Section IV.C) and with other rate and equilibrium data bearing on the behaviour of o/t/ o-substituents to form a matrix involving data for 69 processes and 29 substituents. 

Monoparametric DNA Analysis Fixed cells were stained with PI 25 pg/niL, RNase 5 pg/mL, Nonidet P 40 0.125 pg/mL. Cells were kept at RT for 60 in the dark and were analyzed by BD FACSCalibur flow cytometer. Aggregates were gating out by DDM papameters and DNA content analysis was performed in >10,000-gated cells. DNA histograms were analyzed using ModFit LT . 

Cumene was originally produced with SPA- [57], then FAU- or BEA-based catalysts, and most recently MWW. While most industrial processes use MWW-based catalysts [58], Dow and KeUog co-developed a dealuminated MOR based process called 3-DDM [59]. With each new process generation, conversion and selectivity to cumene has increased. These processes and the chemistry behind them are covered in Section 15.4. As the use of zeoHtes for alkylation reactions in industry increased, so did the study of the reaction and how the zeoHte topology affects the mechanism and selectivity to products, so that now many zeotypes are tested for aromatic alkylation as a way of figuring out a new structure s reaction pattern. Therefore, many zeotypes have been used to catalyze aromatic alkylation (Tables 12.9-12.11). 

In an in vitro fermentation study, rumen microorganisms metabolized both isomers of [ C]DDT o,p- and p,p-) to the corresponding DDD isomers at a rate of 12%/h. With p,//-DDT, 11% of the C detected was an unidentified polar product associated with microbial and substrate residues (Fries et al., 1969). In another in vitro study, extracts of Hydrogenomonas sp. cultures degraded DDT to DDD, l-chloro-2,2-bis(/5-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDMS), DBF, and several other products under anaerobic conditions. Under aerobic conditions containing whole cells, one of the rings is cleaved and p-chlorophenylacetic acid is formed (Pfaender and Alexander, 1972). 

Soil. p,//-DDD and p./Z-DDE are the major metabolites of /5,//-DDT in the environment (Metcalf 1973). In soils under anaerobic conditions, /5,//-DDT is rapidly converted to p,//-DDD via reductive dechlorination (Johnsen, 1976) and very slowly to p,//-DDE under aerobic conditions (Guenzi and Beard, 1967 Kearney and Kaufman, 1976). The aerobic degradation of p,pD yY under flooded conditions is very slow with p,//-DDE forming as the major metabolite. Dicofol was also detected in minor amounts (Lichtenstein et al., 1971). In addition to p./Z-DDD and /5,//-DDE, 2,2-bis(/5-chlorophenyl)acetic acid (DDA), bis(jo-chlorophenyl)methane (DDM), /5,/y dichlorobenzhydrol (DBH), DBF, and p-chlorophenylacetic acid (PCPA) were also reported as metabolites of /5,//-DDT in soil under aerobic conditions (Subba-Rao and Alexander, 1980). 

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