Data-processing algorithms

Expert systems. In situations where the statistical classifiers cannot be used, because of the complexity or inhomogeneity of the data, rule-based expert systems can sometimes be a solution. The complex images can be more readily described by rules than represented as simple feature vectors. Rules can be devised which cope with inhomogeneous data by, for example, triggering some specialised data-processing algorithms. 

Data-Processing Algorithms for Metabolite Detection and Identification 171... 

Regardless of the detection mechanism, a typical data processing algorithm must include the following steps (with the sequence interchangeable) ... 

In the majority of preliminary data processing algorithms, the background is handled in two different ways ... 

Smart Sensors False detections as a result of strong clutter signals are a major source of inefficiency in range clearance. Efforts should continue to develop data processing algorithms and sensor hardware improvements that will permit a hand-held unit, perhaps operating in conjunction with an onsite central data processing facility, to discriminate near-surface unexploded ordnance from clutter in near-real time. 

Recent developments for a balloon based experiment, BETTII (Rinehart et al. 2009 Rinehart 2010a,b, 2011 Rinehart and BETTII Team 2010 Leisawitz 2008), and space based spectral-spatial interferometers such as SPIRIT (Leisawitz et al. 2007, 2008 Leisawitz 2008), SPECS, FIRI have identified fhaf some technology needs to be developed and demonstrated, for example high sensitivity detectors (NEPs 10 ° W/Hz ), cooled apertures, beam combination and data processing algorithms. In all these proposals, the common point is the technique employed to perform observations, the Double Fourier Modulation. 

The Far-infrared Interferometer Instrument Simulator, FllnS, is an instrument simulator for a Far-infrared Spectro-Spatial Interferometer. The main goal is to simulate both the input and the output of such a system, and compare the input sky map with the synthesised one after data processing algorithms have been applied. With a modular design, intermediate outputs are also available. In this chapter the different modules created to build FllnS are described, from the sky map generator to the raw data on the detectors module. In Chap. 5 the data processing algorithms are presented and the simulator is verified via the Cardiff-UCL FIRI testbed described in Chap. 3. 

The issue continues to attract a lot of interest with the application of recent computational techniques originating with data processing algorithms (Xing 2008). 

Fleming CM, et al. Windowed mass selection method A new data processing algorithm for liquid chromatography—mass spectrometry data. J Chromatogr A 1999 849 71-85. 

Finally, data processing algorithms include calculation of concentration ratios of two metabolites, what might be termed a molar ratio. This is most simply illustrated by the example of PKU detection and Phe Tyr ratio. For PKU, the enzyme that converts Phe to Tyr is defective. One expects a decrease in Tyr while Phe increases. Measurement of Tyr alone does not work (a decrease would be observed) since it can be obtained in the diet or from protein turnover. Flowever, the ratio of Phe to Tyr is more sensitive since diet or protein turnover adds to both Phe and Tyr, with the Phe not being converted to Tyr. The resultant Phe Tyr ratio increases. It is interesting to note that molar ratios are not sub-... 

Electrodes Samples Type of determination Data processing algorithm Ref. 

Table 12 Data Processing Algorithm and Application for Fluidization... 

Vibrational spectroscopies (mid-IR, near-IR, Raman) play an important role in polymer/additive analysis. Optical advances as well as spectacular advances in computing technology and data processing algorithms have greatly impacted vibrational spectroscopy over the past 25 years (cfr Table 1.5). Rapid digital data acquisition is required for FTIR, FT-Raman or CCD-Raman spectroscopy. The raw data obtained from these instruments must always be manipulated before a recognisable spectrum can be displayed. 

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