Czechoslovakia

Chemicke Zavodi, Litwinov, Czechoslovakia 30 2-ethylhexanol propjiene... 

The estimated capacity of formamide was approximately 100,000 t/yr worldwide in 1990. In 1993, there are only three significant producers BASE in Germany is the leading manufacturer. Smaller quantities of formamide are produced in the former Czechoslovakia (Sokolov) and Japan (Nitto) by direct synthesis from carbon monoxide and ammonia. Most of the formamide produced is utilized direcdy by the manufacturers. The market price for formamide (ca 1993) is about 2.00/kg. 

Czechoslovakia Urad pro normalizaci a mereni, Vaclavske namesti 19, 113-47 Praha 1, Czechoslovakia. 

A process variation of the extraction of 2-isopropylnaphthalene hydroperoxide from the cmde oxidation product with an alkylene glycol has been patented (71). The 2-naphthalenol plant of American Cyanamid, which was using the hydroperoxidation process and had a 14 x 10 t /yr capacity (72), ceased production in 1982, leaving the United States without a domestic producer of 2-naphthol. The 2-naphthol capacity in the Western world is approximately 50 x 10 t/yr, with ACNA, Italy and Hoechst AG, Germany operating the largest plants. China produces about 7 x 10 t/yr. Other important producing countries are Poland, Romania, the former Czechoslovakia, and India (35,52). 

Countries not covered systematically include Brazil, the former Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Einland, the former GDR, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Norway, Portugal, Romania, South Africa, Spain, and the former USSR. In addition, patents from some of the systematically covered countries may have been indexed in eadier years. 

S. Modry and M. Svata, eds.. Pore Structures, Properties, and Materials, Proceedings of the International Symposium, Scademia, Prague, Czechoslovakia, 1974. 

W. NoU, lUPAC Symposium for Organosilicon Chemisty, Prague, Czechoslovakia, 1965. 

The production of chlorobenzenes in Eastern Europe is concentrated in the former Soviet Union, Poland, and Czechoslovakia. The estimated capacity is 200—250 thousand metric tons the former Soviet Union has most (230 thousand tons) of this capacity. There is trade between Eastern and Western Europe on monochlorobenzene and the dichlorobenzenes, but the net trade balance is probably even at about 20 thousand metric tons. Eastern Europe exported 20 thousand metric tons of monochlorobenzene principally to Germany, Erance, and the United States. 

M. Kuzvart and M. Bohmer, Prospecting and Exploration of Mineral Deposits, Academia Press, Prague, Czechoslovakia, 1978. 

Volume 69 Zeolite Chemistry and Catalysis. Proceedings of an International Symposium, Prague, Czechoslovakia, September8-13,1991 edited by P.A. Jacobs, N.l. Jaeger, L. Kubelkova and B. Wichterlov ... 

F. Sorm, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Czechoslovak Academy of Science, Biochemistry, Prague, Czechoslovakia, personal communication, 1968. 

Brown, D.J. and Boyson F., 1987. Modelling of fluid flow in a batch crystallizer. In Industrial Crystallization 87. Eds. J. Nyvet, S. Zacek, Bechyne, Czechoslovakia, September 1987. Academia Prague and Elsevier, 1989, pp. 547-550. 

Special symposia, outside these three series of symposia, include a special and unique Moissan symposium, held in 1986 in Pans at the hundred year anniversary of the preparation of elemental fluorine, a symposium on Synthetic Fluorine Chemistry held m 1990 in I os Angeles, and a symposium on Fluorinated Mono mers and Polymers held in 1993 in Prague, Czechoslovakia... 

Milos Hudlicky, a native of Czechoslovakia, obtained his Ph D from the Technical University in Prague, Czechoslovakia. After spending 1948 at the Ohio State University as a UNESCO postdoctoral fellow, he taught as an assistant professor and later as an associate professor at the Technical University in Prague until 1958. He then worked as a research associate at the Research Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry in Prague. After the Russian occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1968, he moved to the United States, where he was offered a professorship at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University He has been Professor Emeritus since 1989. He received the Votocek Medal in Prague in 1992 for his work in chemistry. 

Department of Organic Chemistry Institute of Chemical Technology Prague, Czechoslovakia... 

Brazil, Norway and Czechoslovakia (5% each). In addition to this primary production, recycling of used alloys probably adds a further 3-4 million tonnes pa to the total A1 metal consumed. 

There is a world shortage of natural graphite which is particularly marked in North America and Europe. As a result, prices have risen steeply they vary widely in the range 500-1500 per tonne (1989) depending on crystalline quality amorphous graphite is 220-440 per tonne. The annual world production of 649 ktonnes was distributed as follows in 1988 China 200kt, South Korea 108, the former Soviet Union 84, India 52, Mexico 42, Brazil 32, North Korea 25, Czechoslovakia 25, Others 81 kt. 

---