Cytosensor Microphysiometer

Cytosensor Microphysiometer technology has been used to detect perturbation in mammalian cells (Hafner, 2000). The system measures small changes in extracellular acidification using a light addressable potentiometric sensor. If the metabolism is interfered with, acid excretion will be affected which could be sensitively measured by LAPS. In principle, this system should be suitable for monitoring pathogen interaction with mammalian cells. 

McConnell et al. Tlte Cytosensor Microphysiometer Biological Applications of Silicon Technology, Science, 1906 (September 25, 1992). 

Fig. 5.9. Picture of the commercial Cytosensor microphysiometer from Molecular Devices. Four fluid pathways with (1) analyte container, (2) displacement pump, (3) debubbler, (4) valves, (5) LAPS sensor chamber and (6) reference electrode.

F. Hafner, Cytosensor microphysiometer technology and recent applications, Biosens. Bioelectron., 15(3-4) (2000) 149-158. 

H.M. McConnell, J. Owicki, J. Parce, D. Miller, G. Baxter, H. Wada and S. Pitchford, The Cytosensor microphysiometer biological applications of silicon technology, Science, 257(5078) (1992) 1906-1912. 

McConnell HM, Owicki JC, Parce JW, Miller DL, Baxter GT, Wada HG, et al. The cytosensor microphysiometer Biological applications of silicon technology. Science 1992 257 1906-12. 

Hafner F. Cytosensor Microphysiometer Technology and recent applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2000 15 149-58. 

Cytosensor microphysiometer (CM) Validated in 2009, Draft OECD TG Applicable to water-soluble substances and mixtures. 

The Cytosensor Microphysiometer (CM) test method is currently under discussion (draft test guideline on the Cytosensor Microphysiometer) at OECD level [34], It is a cytotoxicity and cell-function based in vitro assay that is performed on a sub-confluent monolayer of adherent mouse L929 fibroblasts cultured in a sensor chamber using a pH-meter to detect changes in acidity [35]. The CM test method serves as an in vitro model system for the cytotoxic action of a test chemical on the cell membranes of the corneal and conjunctival epithelium where the irritant chemical would be... 

Cytosensor Microphysiometer Test Method an in vitro method for identifying ocular 3 corrosive and severe irritant chemicals as well as chemicals not classified as ocular irritants. Available at http //www.oecd.org/env/... 

McConnell. H.M., 1992. The cytosensor microphysiometer biological applications of silicon technology. Science 257, 1906-1912. 

Cooke, D. and O Kennedy, R. (1999). Comparison of the detrazoHum salt assay for succinate dehydrogenase with the cytosensor microphysiometer in the assessment of compound toxicities. Anal. Biochem. 274 188-194. 

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